بررسي رابطه ثروت نفت و توسعه سياسي از منظر نهادگرايي جديد

Relation Between Oil Wealth and Political Development from the Viewpoint of the New Institutionalism Approach.

The article examines the relation between oil wealth and the political development in the rich oil producing countries in regarding to new institutionalism approach basis. This approach is usually used in studying politics, but its usage in explaining the effects of oil rents on different aspects of development is quite recent. Traditionaly, the effects of oil wealth on political development has been studied on the basis of the rentier state theory and new utilitarianism approach. In this way, the relation between the state and main social forces is explained from rent seeking view poin and behavior. The behavior of a rentier state, through the implicit agreements with the social forces, creates obstacles which prevent the political transition towards democracy. So, there is a pessimistic view among political scholars about the future perspective of political development and democracy in the rich oil producing countries. By application of the institutionalism approach in this case, the author tries to explain the relation between oil wealth and political development. He goes on to say that, there are different experiences, among the rich oil producing countries, which in some cases may be the signs of new promising future perspective towards democracy.