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Identification of Traits Related to Grain Yield in Corn Hybrids Using of Path Analysis

To compare the grain yield of medium maturing corn hybrids and study the effects of traits on yield, an experiment carried was out in 2007 at Agricultural Research Center of Moghan, Parsabad, Iran. In this research 14 medium maturing hybrids of seed corn were studied in a complete randomized blocks design with 4 replications. Several traits like grain yield and its components, morphological and phonological characteristics were measured and analysed. Analysis of variance showed that the differences among the traits measured, except ear leaf area and stem diameter, were significant. Mean comparison of hybrids also revealed that the maximum yield belonged to hybrid number 3 (11870 kg haʹ1) and the minimum yield to hybrid number 12 (5720 kg haʹ1). The result, of experiment also showed that seed yield had significantly positive correlation with ear leaf area and the number of days to physiological maturity. The results of path analysis showed that number of days to physiological maturity, ear leaf area and 1000 seeds weight had significant positive direct effect on seed yield, in such a way that their increase resulted in higher seed yield. On the other hand, ear cob weight had direct and negative effect on yield; that is to say, increasing ear cob weight decreased seed yield. Consequently, it can be said that number of days to physiological maturity, ear leaf area and 1000 seeds weight were very important and effective on seed yield of the hybrids studied. Thus, we can use these traits in selection of high grain producing corn hybrids.