بررسي اثر قدرت حشره كشي بخارهاي استن روي مراحل زيستي شب پره ي هندي Plodia imterpunctella و سوسك كشيش Rhyzopertha domonica

The Evaluation of Acetone Vapors Effectiveness on Different Developmental Stages of Indian Meal Moth Plodia interpunctella and Lesser Grain Borer Rhyzopertha dominica

During searching of alternatives for available fumigants to control stored product pests, acetone vapors were found to be toxic on stored product pests. Acetone is a metabolic product in living organisms from plants to higher animals, including insects. Hence, this study was carried out to evaluate the effect of acetone vapors against two important stored produt pests including: Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hubner.) and Lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.). In this study the experiments were performed in empty and full containers. Concentrations of vapors used were 0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 Ml/l for empty containers and 0, 120, 200, 280 and 360 Ml/l for full containers with gas exposure times of 24, 48 and 72 hours. Experiments were carried out on 15°C and 27° C with four replications. In all experiments, the percentage of mortality increased with extending exposure time. Various temperatures caused statistically significant different insects mortality. Consequently, the mortality percentage in higher temperature was greater, due to the non-uniform dispersion of acetone vapors in empty containers, the mortality of insects were different in various levels of containers. The mortality at lowest levels was higher than upper ones because of acetone vapors aggregation. Due to surface absorption of acetone vapors, by corn seeds, in full containers, mortality in different levels was not the same. However, due to surface absorption of acetone vapors by corn seeds it was greater in high levels (near acetone release point) than middle and lowest levels. In all of the experiments, the mortality percentage increased by increasing the concentration of acetone. In this research the Indian meal moth pupa was the most resistant developmental stage. Results of the treating corn seeds with different concentrations of acetone revealed that acetone did not affect the germinability of the treated corn seeds.