ارزيابي لاين هاي گندم دوروم از نظر عملكرد دانه و صفات فيزيولوژيك مرتبط با برگ پرچم

Evaluation of Durum Wheat Lines for Yield and Physiological Traits Related to Flag Leaf

In order to evaluate yield and physiological traits related to flag leaf in 64 durum wheat lines, a lattice experiment with 2 replications was conducted at Agriculture Research Station of Tabriz Islamic Azad University for two years (2005, 2006). The traits studied were: stomata resistance, density and dimensions (both for abaxial and adaxial flag leaf surfaces), flag leaf area, number of leaves in main stem, biomass, grain yield and harvest index. Combined analysis of data for two years showed that there was very significant difference among traits under study at 1% probability level. It can be said that there was genetic diversity among the lines as to these traits. Mean yield comparisons showed that the lines of 33 (ARAMIDES), 55 (PLC/RD.), 62 and 64 (Yazlig) produced higher yield as compared with the other lines. Over all results showed that improved lines (33 and 55) possessed high harvest indices. Therefore, it can be concluded that harvest index is an important factor to increase yield. On the other hand, superior local lines (62 and 64) did have high biomass yield. Estimate of correlation in this study showed that grain yield was correlated positively and significantly with biomass and harvest indices. It was also revealed that adaxial stomata dimensions were highly correlated with biomass production. Correlations between numbers of stomata in two surfaces of flag leaf was positive and significant, while correlation between number of leaf in main stem and number of stomata in both surfaces of flag leaf was negative and significant. Cluster analyses based on traits under study grouped the lines into two separate groups. Principle component analysis confirms this grouping.