ارزيابي برخي از صفات و شاخص هاي تحمل به خشكي در لاين ها و ارقام گلرنگ

Evaluation of Some Safflower (Carthumus tinctorius L.) Traits and Indices to Drought

Safflower is native to Middle East. It is well adapted to Iranian climate and can be grown both as spring and winter oilseed crop in dry lands of this country. Selection of its drought tolerant cultivars would help increase grain yield appreciably in these areas. To do this, an experiment was conducted in a simple lattice design with two replications, using 25 lines under two irrigation regimes (with and without irrigation), at Maragheh Dryland Research Center. To estimate drought tolerance stress indices (SSI, STI and Toll.), of these lines methods proposed by Fischer and Maurer, Fernandez, Rosiell and Humblin were used. The results showed that the line named Hartman, with the highest drought tolerance coefficient (STI=0.71) produced higher grain yield under both moisture regimes, while line No. 369, with its lowest drought tolerance index (0.245) produced lowest grain yield. The analysis of variance of data for grain yield, head number per plant, 100 seed weight, seed number per plant and plant height revealed that there were significant differences among the lines as to these traits under water stress and non-stress conditions. Mean comparisons of the line under studies indicated that PI-53798 had the highest (1294 kg/ha) and line No. 396 the lowest grain yield (780.6 kg/ha) under water stress condition. Mean comparisons also revealed that the lines Hartman had the highest grain yield (4123 kg/ha) and line No. 333 the lowest grain yield (1127 kg/ha) under irrigated condition.