بررسي مقايسه اي اثر ضد جهشي و ضد سرطاني بخش هاي رويشي و زايشي بارهنگ كبير(Plantago major) در دو منطقه لنگرود(گيلان) و حصارك(كرج)

Antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effect of vegetative and generative parts of Plantago major L. in Langrood (Gilan) and Hesarak (Karaj) Areas

Along with increasing cancer all over the world and also in Iran the need for anticarcinogenic medicines with more effects and less side effects seems to attract researchersʹ attention day by day. Nowadays, however, more than 60% of anticarcinogenic compounds are derived from herbal, marine and microorganisms resources. Plantago major L. with its expanded medical property in traditional medicine has got several secondary metabolites such as; Fenolice compounds (Coffeic acid derivatives) Felavonoids, Alkaloids, Terpenoids and Vitamin C, which can be used in the dermal disease healing, and respiratory, digestive and blood circulation problems therapies. It also can prevent cancer and tumor and infectious wounds. The aim of this study was to compare the anticarcinogenic and antimoutagenic effect of the metanolic extract of vegetative (leaves, roots) and generative (inflorescences) parts of the plant in two different regions: Hesarak and Langerood. The antimoutagenic potential determination experiment was done using Professor Ames and et al. Method on mutagened Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and in the presence of a carcinogenic compound, Sodium Azid. Furthermore, by adding rat liver microsome, the anticarcinogenic effect of the extracts was proved. Each experiment included positive control (Sodium Azid+ bacteria) and negative experiment (water + bacteria). The results revealed that the methanolic extracts of the florescences and the leaves of P.major in both Langerood and Hesarak region with and without S9 and inhibition percentage of more than 40% showed strong antimutagenicity and anticarcinogenicity efficiency. However, the root extracts, by less than 40% inhibitory percentage revealed decrease in antimutagenicity and anticarcinogenicity efficiency. It is concluded that the P.major by having anticarcinogenic and antimoutagenic properties is a valuable medical plant and finally, comparing the extracts of the plants in both regions showed the effect of environmental conditions in antioxidant production in the plants.