رويكرد مستشارالدوله به نظام مشروطه غرب

Mostashar al-Dowlehʹʹs Attitude towards the Western constitutional system

علل تحول فكري ميرزا يوسف‌خان مستشارالدوله، ماهيت قوانين مورد نظر او و مباني نظري آن‌ها در رويكرد به نظام مشروطه غربي، مساله مشكله تحقيق حاضر است كه با روش تاريخي و با استفاده از منابع اصلي به تحليل آن پرداخته مي‌شود. مستشارالدوله از انديشه‌گران ايران عصر ناصري بود كه به دنبال آشنايي با نظام‌هاي مشروطه غربي، راز پيشرفت و ترقي دولت‌هاي فرنگي را در قانون و قانونمندي و علت عقب‌ماندگي ايران را در نبود آن مي‌فهميد و تغيير نظام سياسي در ايران را ضروري مي‌دانست. شكل حكومتي پيشنهادي او براي ايران آن زمان، سلطنت مقننه‌ بود كه قوانين آن از اعلاميه حقوق بشر مندرج در مقدمه قانون اساسي فرانسه اخذ مي‌شد و در چارچوب اصول شريعت اسلام قرار مي‌گرفت.

The causes of Yousuf Khan Mostashar al-Dowlehʹs intellectual transformation, the nature of the laws he had in mind, the intellectual bases of these laws and his attitude towards the Western constitutional systems are the problem issues connected with the present research, which have been analyzed through the historical method by focusing on the primary sources. Mostashar al-Dowleh was an Iranian intellectual during Nasser al-Din Shahʹs era whose familiarity with the Western constitutional systems led him to find out that the secret behind the progress of European governments was because of their laws and legal systems, and the reason behind Iranʹs backwardness was the lack of these factors. He considered transforming the political system of Iran as necessary. The form of government he suggested for Iran of that era was a constitutional monarchy whose laws were taken from the Declaration of Human Rights mentioned in the preamble to the French Constitution and was within the framework of Islamic sharia.