بررسي تفسير گالستون درباره فلسفه سياسي فارابي

An Inquiry into Galstonʹʹs Interpretation of Farabiʹʹs Political Philosophy

مقاله حاضر به بررسي تفسير ميريام گالستون درباره فلسفه سياسي فارابي مي‏پردازد. گالستون با مقايسه مباحث چهار اثر اصلي فارابي (مدينه فاضله، سياست مدنيه، تحصيل‏السعاده و فصول منتزعه) تلاش مي‏كند به فهم تازه‏اي درباره فلسفه سياسي فارابي دست يابد. نكته بديع و متمايز تفسير گالستون، توجه به مباني ارسطويي فلسفه سياسي فارابي است. اما غفلت از تمايز فلسفه افلاطوني و ارسطويي و همچنين تاثيرپذيري فلسفه سياسي فارابي از آموزه‏هاي اسلامي، موجب شده نه تنها گالستون در اثبات مدعاي خويش توفيق نداشته باشد، بلكه در نهايت رهيافت مشهور مفسّران فلسفه سياسي اسلامي را تصديق كند كه فلسفه سياسي فارابي، متاثر از فلسفه افلاطوني است. اين مقاله با رويكرد تحليلي و اسنادي به اين موضوع مي‏پردازد.

The present paper investigates Miriam Galstonʹs interpretation of Farabiʹs political philosophy. Having made a contrastive study of Farabiʹs four main works (Madina Fazelah [Utopia], Siyasat Madaniyyah [Civil Politics], Tahsil al-Saʹadah [Realization of Happiness], and Fusool Montazaʹah [Abstracted chapters]), Galston tries to come up with a new conception of Farabiʹs political philosophy. The attention given to Aristotelian principles by Farabiʹs political philosophy is an interesting feature which characterizes Galstonʹs interpretation. However, the in attention to the difference between Aristotelian philosophy and Platonic philosophy and the fact that Farabiʹs political philosophy is influenced by Islamic doctrines has not only led to Galstonʹs failure to prove his claim but also to finally affirm the famous approach adopted by the interpreters of Islamic political philosophy who hold that Farabiʹs political philosophy is influenced by Platonic philosophy. The present paper elaborates on this point, using an analytical-documentary approach.