بررسي غربت انسان در اشعار مولانا

Study of Human Nostalgia in Poems of Molana Jalalodin Mohammad Balkhi

Ghorbat (nostalgia) is an Arabic gerund. Literally it means being separated from oneʹs home and going away and colloquially it means the remoteness of human spirit from the Spiritual World and the Great Court since soul has lived near God and suddenly it was polluted with guilt and descended to this earthy world. After descent, soul came to this world; a world which is not reprehensible by itself but when soul depends itself on world and its attachments and forgets its essence, the world binds and weakens it. Soul which has been detached from heavenly position suffers from grief and is taken captive in the body and this captivity, in fact, provides the causes of its nostalgia. In this essay backgrounds of human nostalgia are studied. In addition, the concept of nostalgia in Molanaʹs poems is considered. Investigations show that human nostalgia has special mystical position in mystic works. Therefore, we can find roots and backgrounds of nostalgia in pre-Islam religions and opinions of philosophers and scholars before Molana. By examining the historical path of nostalgia among pioneer mystics it can be concluded that Molanaʹs discourse, because of some reasons like his experience of nostalgia and his proficiency in sciences of his time particularly, Quran and Hadiths, is more attractive and impressive. Molana believes in transcendental nature of soul. He believes that soul and passion are afflicted by nostalgia in this earthly world and man should try to be united with his essence. In terms of informing and pacifying, art as a high and holy truth has been the assistant of nostalgic humans. Also, eternal passion as an attracting sexuality factor helps human in return to his essence.