بررسي تنوع ژنتيكي جدايه هاي ايراني قارچ Macrophomina phaseolina عامل پوسيدگي ذغالي سويا، با استفاده از نشانگرهاي ISSR و rep-PCR

Genetic diversity of Iranian isolates of fungus Macrophomina phaseolina, the causal agent of charcoal rot of soybean, using ISSR and rep-PCR markers

To investigate genetic diversity of Iranian isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina, the causal agent of charcoal rot of soybean, 24 isolates of this fungus were isolated from the major soybean growing areas of Golestan, Mazandaran, Ardabil, and Lorestan provinces. Genetic diversity of these isolates was studied using two different molecular fingerprinting methods including ISSR and rep-PCR. For ISSR markers, three out of 10 primers and for rep-PCR, ERIC 1R, ERIC 2I, BOX 1A and REP 2I primers showed polymorphism and reproducibility, and were used to amplify the DNA of isolates. The obtained dendrogram from cluster analysis using all ISSR primers divided the isolates into three groups at 58% similarity level and separated non-Golestan isolates from Golestan isolates, except one isolate from Ardabil. The obtained dendrogram from cluster analysis using all rep-PCR primers divided isolates into seven groups at 59% similarity level. This grouping was not correlated with geographical location of isolates. These results were confirmed by the PCA results. There was a positive and significant correlation among similarity matrixes resulted from ISSR and rep-PCR data, together and separately. High goodness of fit was obtained among all matrix data of two marker systems. The polymorphism resulted from ISSR and rep-PCR markers were calculated 87% and 91% respectively. The results of this study illustrated that despite common features such as dominancy, simplicity, and high rapidity of function of both molecular systems, ISSR has more potency in detection of genetic diversity of M. phaseolina populations, according to their geographical region.