بررسي نظري و عملي مفهوم احسان در فرهنگ ديني و مقايسه آن با مفهوم تقابل در رفتار سازماني

Theoretical and Practical Review of ʹEhsanf (Generosity) in Religious Culture Compared to Counteraction in Organizational Behavior

Identified as ʹthe law of survivalʹ and as a vital variable in ideal relationship, the norm of counteraction seems to be playing a significant social role. It is the most important social element, which results in the stability of social structure by promoting participation. Psychologists have studied social counteraction in industrial and organizational psychology. They have classified it into two opposite groups of positive and negative counteractions. Researchers have presented the concept of generosity against the norm of counteraction. This concept, having various meaning, can cover both positive and negative aspects of counteraction. Ehsan can improve emotional belongings by promoting communicational links. Then, it may result in social acquaintance, coordination, and social agreement. Prophets, as well as all holy leaders and Godly scholars have resorted to this educational approach. Hence, it seems quite reasonable that all managers use this approach, which has taken root in our religious and cultural background, for better productivity, improving the culture of serving people in the best way. Iraj Shakerinia, Esmaeel Poorreza, Mehri Mohammadpoor Key words: the norm of counteraction, social relations, Ehsan (generosity), organizational behavior