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The effects of bovine oviduct epithelial cell co-culture on the development of preimplantation bovine embryo

Co-culture systems have been used to increase the quality of in vitro-produced mammalian embryos, to simulate the in vivo conditions, to support in vitro culture media, and to decrease the level of environmental and metabolic stresses on the in vitro-cultured embryos. The specific objectives of this research were to evaluate the effects of bovine oviduct epithelial cell (BOEC) co-culture on the in vitro fertilization and in vitro development of bovine preimplantation embryos. First, in vitro matured oocytes were fertilized and cultured in different media in the presence and the absence of BOEC cells. Development of these embryos were evaluated and compared at 4-cell, 8-cell, and blastocyst stages. The medium TCM-199 plus BOEC co-culture had the best performance in supporting the development of 4-cell, 8-cell, and blastocyst embryos. Co-culture with BOEC cells during in vitro fertilization, also resulted in an increase in the rate of 2-cell embryo production. The percentage of 2-cell embryos produced in TCM-199+BOEC cells was significantly higher (72.17%) than that in TCM (53.6%), SOF (61.5%), and KSOM media (42%) without BOEC co-culture. To evaluate the net effects of SOF and TCM-199 media apart from the effects of co-cultured cells, the presumably fertilized oocytes were cultured in two groups; SOF and TCM-199, and their development to the blastocyst stage was recorded at different hours post fertilization. Although, TCM-199 medium supported the development of early stages slightly better than SOF, the situation reversed after 16-cell stage and the number of morula and blastocyst stage embryos was significantly higher in SOF medium. Results of this research show that co-culture with BOEC cells increases the efficiency of in vitro fertilization and the number of embryos produced at different stages of preimplantation. In the absence of co-culture conditions, SOF medium overall is a better medium than TCM-199 for the in vitro culture of preimplantation bovine embryo.