مباني فكري پروژه دولت سازي، ملت سازي و مدرن سازي و بازتاب آن بر سياست عشايري در دوره پهلوي اول

Theoretical Foundations of Govʹt Administration, Nation-Building and Modernization and Their Impact on Tribal Policies of the First Pahlavi Era

The government of the first Pahlavi king in a bid to deal with the problems of tribes disarmed tribal leaders and divested them of their powers. This study aims to probe the theoretical foundations of the first Pahlavi eraʹs guidelines for dealing with tribes. The main postulate of this study is that government administration, nation-building and modernization created the theoretical backbone for the governmentʹs tribal policy. The first Pahlavi monarchʹs government administered the central government by centralizing power and divesting tribal leaders of their powers. Reza Shahʹs government tried to enforce the idea of nation-building pertaining to tribes through mandatory homogenization and national awareness as well as by pursuing the policy of lingual unity and reform tribes by making eliminating and changing the characteristics of tribal life. Findings show that the first Pahlavi kingʹs government implemented tribal plans by relying on these ideas. However, in practice, new dimensions were added to the conflict between the government and tribes. The first Pahlavi kingʹs government could not forge national solidarity and a rift emerged between the government and tribes, which led to an identity crisis for the tribal society. Due to the non-participation of tribes, these plans were entangled with lopsidedness, universalism and a superficial attitude.