رتبه بندي سطح پايداري نقاط روستايي بر اساس مدل وايكورمطالعه موردي : روستاهاي شهرستان فسا- استان فارس

Ranking the Sustainability Levels of Rural Areas Based on Vikor Model Case Study: the Villages of Fasa County – Fars Province

توسعه پايدار روستايي بر مبناي نگرشي كل‌نگر، در راستاي تحقق‌بخشي به ايجاد و استمرار فرايندهاي توسعه در ابعاد مختلف اجتماعي، اقتصادي و زيست‌محيطي نواحي روستايي است. پايش چنين رهيافتي در عمل، نيازمند توجه به عناصر و عوامل تاثيرگذاري است كه در قالب مجموعه شاخص‌هاي پايداري و در يك چارچوب منسجم و به‌هم پيوسته ارايه و تبيين شوند. هدف اين تحقيق شناخت و طراحي فرآيند تحليل شبكه تصميم‌گيري چندمعياره در سنجش توسعه پايدار و تبيين پيوندهاي بين عناصر و عوامل فعال و موثر در اين زمينه است كه دستيابي به آن از طريق بررسي ويژگي ها، مولفهها و معرف‌هاي توسعه پايدار در يك ناحيه روستايي واقع در محدوده شهرستان فسا از استان فارس با استفاده از مدل هاي تصميم گيري چندمعياره (MCDM) و فرآيند تحليل شبكه‌اي (ANP) و با بهره‌گيري از مدل وايكور انجام شده‌است. در اين تحقيق از شاخص‌هاي لحاظ شده مربوط به هريك از ابعاد پايداري براي سنجش نواحي روستايي استفاده شده‌ است. بر اساس چنين هدفي، فرضيه تحقيق اين‌گونه صورت‌بندي شده كه بين سطوح پايداري (اجتماعي، اقتصادي و محيطي) منطقه مورد مطالعه تفاوت معناداري وجود دارد. روش‌شناسي تحقيق توصيفي و تحليلي بوده و با استفاده از مدل وايكور 250 خانوار از چهار بخش شهرستان فسا مورد بررسي قرار گرفته كه در فرايند انجام آن، پس از محاسبه وزن‌ها با استفاده از تكنيك تحليل شبكه، تفاوت در ميزان پايداري ابعاد اقتصادي، اجتماعي و محيطي نواحي روستايي اين شهرستان مشخص مي‌شود. يافته‌هاي تحقيق نشان مي‌دهد اين روش براي حل مسايل تصميم گسسته، بر مبناي انتخاب بهينه‌ترين گزينه از ميان گزينه هاي موجود بر اساس رتبه بندي از قابليت بالايي برخوردار است.

Sustainable development together with its complicated principles, have been globally discussed for years. The development process which started from1940, has reached to a dead end, therefore from 1980s environmental issues and development have been under a new perspective and special attention has been paid to them. This was the basis for sustainable theories. Acceptance of the definition for sustainable development from the viewpoint of UN Commissioning which a development is regarded sustainable if it enables to meet the present generation demands without neglecting the future potential for meeting the future generation demands, for the difficulty of determining the future generation needs and demands is faced with some problems. Meanwhile, concerning the sustainability measurement, there are no specific and fixed matrixes which enable us to predict them based on them the present and future condition. In most cases, based on the variable conditions of different countries and different historical eras, special matrixes have been used for measuring sustainability both at local and national level. However, since the late of 1990s , a kind of convergence has been formed for better recognition of different aspects and dimensions of sustainable development and since then the economical, social, political and environmental aspects, have been considered and regarded simultaneously in sustainability studies. The aim of the present study is identifying and designing the analysis process for multi-criteria decision making network in measurement of sustainable development and defining the links between the active and effective factors in this regard, these all have been attained through a careful study of the properties and characteristics, elements and of sustainable development indices in a rural district located in Fasa town ship area of Fars province by the use of Multi-criteria Decision Making Models (MCDM) and Analysis Network Process(ANP) and also the use of Vikor model . With respect to the main purpose of the present study i.e. the use of a proper model for ranking sustainability levels of rural areas, in this paper, with emphasis on sustainable development approach, Vikore model has been used for measuring the sustainability level of economical, social and environmental dimensions of Fasa town ship. For this purpose, firstly the frame work for organizing sustainable indices was presented and then through a brief introduction of the methods and models of measurement, based on the considered aims of the study, the characteristics and features of some of them are presented. Then by implementing the obtained results, the level of sustainable development is measured through paired comparison in Super Decision software and using Vikor model.