شگردهاي استفاده سعدي از آيات قرآن

“Literary styles excerpted from Quranic verses adapted by Saadi”

شاعران و نويسندگان پارسيگوي در اشعار و آثار خود به طرق گوناگون از آيات و مفاهيم قرآني بهره برده‌اند و ديدگاه قرآني در آثارشان نفوذ چشمگير و قابل توجهي داشته است . شيخ اجل سعدي شيرازي نيز از جمله شاعراني است كه بدليل آشنايي كامل با قرآن كريم ، ‌ بهره هاي زيادي از اين كتاب آسماني در آثار خود برده و توانسته گفتار خود را هرچه بهتر و دل‌انگيزتر جلوه دهد . شيوه سخن و گفتار سعدي در آثارش از جهات مختلف قابل بررسي و تعمق ميباشد و ما در اين مقاله سعي بر آن داشته‌ايم كه به انواع شگردهاي استفاده سعدي از آيات قرآن بپردازيم و پاسخگوي اين سوال باشيم كه آيا سعدي در بهره‌گيري از آيات قرآن همچون شاعران ديگر عمل نموده و يا اينكه علاوه بر شگردهاي معمول و شناخته شده ، شيوه‌هاي ابتكاري ديگري را نيز مدنظر قرار داده است ؟ به عبارت ديگر در پي آنيم كه ببينيم آيا سعدي در اين زمينه روشهاي را از خود خلق نموده كه تنها منحصر به خودش باشد يا خير؟‌براي بررسي تغييرات احتمالي تفسيري در شعر سعدي به چهار تفسير مرجع زمان سعدي تحت عناوين تفسير كشاف،‌نسفي ، سورآبادي و مفاتيح‌الغيب نيز مراجعه شده است .

In their poems and works, Persian versifier poets and authors have been benefitted variously from Quranic concepts while the Quranic attitude have influenced remarkably into their works. Due to his thorough acquaintance with Holy Quran, the most exalted Sheikh Saadi Shirazi, as one of such poets, has extremely enjoyed this scripture in his works as well and managed to represent his utterance in a better and more wholeheartedly way. Saadi’s way of expression and quotation may be examined and pondered in his works from different points of view and at the present essay, we have tried to deal with some literary styles excerpted from Quranic verses adapted by Saadi while giving answer to this question that whether Saadi has acted like other poets in benefiting from Quranic verses and/ or he has also considered other initiative techniques rather than the usual and known methods in this course. In other words, we try to see if Saadi has created uniquely several novel techniques which were solely ascribed to him or not? To survey the possible exegetic modifications in Saadi’s verse, we have referred to four reference (Quran) exegeses at his time under titles of “Kashaf, Nasaghi, Soorabadi, and Mafatih-Al-Ghayb”.