سبكِ ساختاري و محتواييِ نامه هاي درباري عهد عبّاس ميرزا

“ Structural and conceptual style of court letters written during period of Abbas Mirza’s reign”

آشنايي با وقايع تاريخي، در شناخت گذشته ملّتها و افزايش بصيرت آنها براي عبرت گيري و برنامه ريزي درست تاثيرگذار است. يكي از راههاي آشنايي با گذشته هر ملّتي، بررسي مكاتبات دوره هاي تاريخي خاصّ آن ملّت است. هدف اين پژوهش، بررسي سبك ساختاري و محتوايي نامه هاي عبّاس ميرزا و ويژگيهاي زبان ديپلماتيك و ادبيّات سياسي‌ اوست؛زيرا وي يكي از موثّرترين شخصيتهاي تاريخ سياسي ايران در دو سده پيش است كه در ميدان مبارزه فرهنگي و نظامي عليه بيگانگان كوششهاي چشمگير و ارزشمندي از خود نشان داده است. پژوهش در پي پاسخ به اين پرسش است كه سبك نگارشي و محتوايي نامه هاي عبّاس ميرزا چگونه است؟ كليشه اي بودن عبارات آغازين نامه ها، آوردن سجعها و مترادفات متوالي، بكارگيري صفات متناسب با موضوع نامه ها و مرتبه و جايگاه سياسي ـ اجتماعي مخاطبان از مهمترين ويژگيهاي سبكي نامه هاي عبّاس ميرزا است كه در جستار حاضر به آنها اشاره كرده و مصاديقي براي هر يك آورده ايم. جامعه آماري پژوهش، اسناد و مكاتبات تاريخي ايرانِ دوره قاجاريه و حجم نمونه ها، نامه هاي عبّاس ميرزا به برخي شخصيّتهاي سياسي و فرهنگي معاصر خويش است.

Abstract: Acquaintance with historical events may affect on identifying history of nations and increasing their insight for taking exemplar and properly planning. Review on correspondences specific for the given nation within historical periods is one of the ways for being familiar with background of any people. This survey is aimed at investigation into structural and conceptual style of writing of letter in court of Abbas Mirza and characteristics of his diplomatic language and political literature since he was one of the most influential figures in Iranian political history during two past centuries, who has indicated his remarkable and valuable efforts in the field of cultural and military campaign against foreigners. This study is seeking for answering to this question that: How is the writing and conceptual style adopted by Abbas Mirza? Cliché nature of opening clauses in letters, using rhymes in prose and sequential synonyms, adoption of adjective proportional to letters subject and sociopolitical position and status of audiences are some of foremost stylistic characteristics in letters written by Abbas Mirza where we have referred to them at the current survey and mentioned some examples for them. At this study, statistical population includes Iranian historical documents and correspondences during Qajar Dynasty and sample spaces comprise Abbas Mirza’s letters sent to some of his contemporary political and cultural figures.