امتياز بهره برداري از معادن خاك سرخ هرموز" در روابط ايران و انگلستان در دوره مظفري

“The Privilege of Exploitation of Hormuz Ochre Mines”, a Problematic Issue in Ties between Iran and Britain during the Era of Mozaffar al-Din Shah Qajar

هدف: هدف ازاين پژوهش بررسي نقش امتيازبهره برداري از خاك سرخ هرموز در روابط دوكشور ايران وانگلستان در دوره مظفري (قاجاريه) مي باشد. روش/رويكرد: پژوهش حاضر به روش تحقيق تاريخي وبا استفاده از اطلاعات لازم در منابع كتابخانه اي و براساس اسناد آرشيوي چاپ نشده گرد آوري و بر اساس نظم وتوالي منطقي تاريخي پردازش گرديده است. يافته ها: يافته نشان مي دهد ساختار اداري بيمار ايران عصر قاجار، از جمله فراواني ارتشا ، ناتواني دولت مركزي درحمايت از اتباع غير مسلمان واشتباه اجاره بخش از كشور سبب وقوع حوادثي چون اجاره امتياز استخراج معادن خاك هر موز، در دوره مظفزي به موضوع كشمكش ميان معين التجار بوشهري وارشام وتكران حكم، از ارامنه جنوب، تبديل شد كه نتيجه آن پيروزي معين التجار وناكامي ارامنه تحت الحمايه انگلستان در دستيابي به اجاره اين امتياز بود.

During the era of Mozaffar al-Din Shah Qajar in Iran, Moein-o Tojar Bushehri and Arsham and Takran Melkoum had a conflict over the privilege of exploitation of ochre mines in Hormuz. When Britain supported Arsham and Takran Melkoum, two Armenian brothers from the south of Iran, this issue became problematic in the ties between Iran and Britain. Ochre is one of the basic and important ingredients used in the paint industry and is widely used in producing different types of paints. In that era around seven thousands tons of ochre was annually exported from Iran to Great Britain, and also a little to India. The purpose of this research is to shed light on this subject, based on unpublished records and other written documents remaining from the Qajar era, and to explore the main reasons behind it. The findings of this study indicate that the principal factor was the poor administrative structure of Iran, which was affected by elements such as widespread bribery, the weakness of the central government in protecting its non-Muslim citizens, and leasing a part of the country to others: an ill-judged policy which practically transferred the authority of the central government to others.