نقدي بر پروتكل گرونينگن در حمايت از اتانازي نوزادان معلول از منظر اخلاقي

Criticizing Groningen Protocol in Support of Euthanasia for disabled newborns from a moral perspective

امروزه علي‌رغم پيشرفت‌هاي علمي‌اي كه در زمينه مراقبت از نوزادان در دنيا رخ داده است هنوز بسياري از نوزادان به علت مواجهه با موقعيت‌هاي بحراني پزشكي از وضعيت بسيار نامساعدي جهت ادامه حيات رنج مي‌برند. برخي از مراقبين بهداشتي و حتي والدين اين نوزادان معتقدند كه خاتمه‌دادن به رنج پايان‌ناپذير آن‌ها بهترين كمك به آنان مي‌باشد. مطابق مدارك معتبري كه وجود دارند في‌الحال پزشكاني براي انجام اتانازي فعال داوطلبانه، در كشورهايي مانند هلند، آمريكا، انگليس و استراليا تربيت مي‌شوند و همچنين برخي از متخصصان نوزادان به راحتي پذيرفته‌اند كه به منظور كمك به بشريت اقدام به اتانازي غيرداوطلبانه در نوزادان الزامي است. در عصر حاضر در حالي كه كليه اديان الهي مخالفت خود را به وضوح با اتانازي بيان كرده‌اند، اين سوال مطرح است كه چگونه انسان‌هاي مدعي اخلاق و حقوق بشر از قانوني‌ساختن سقط جنين در چند دهه گذشته تا اتانازي نوزادان و كودكان معلول سقوط كرده‌اند و با تصويب پروتكل گرونينگن در دفاع از اتانازي نوزادان مي‌كوشند. اين مقاله مروري با تكيه بر كتب و مقالات معتبر دنيا به نقد و بررسي اين پروتكل مي‌پردازد.

Today, despite the scientific improvements in the field of neonatal care in the world due to encountering with some awful medical situations many newborns are still suffering from very bad conditions for survival. Some Health-care providers and even some parents believe that the best choice for helping them is terminating their lives. Perhaps the heavy costs of neonatal intensive care wards, parental duties in comparison with other parents or the pity of parents for infants which cannot tolerate pain, determines their decisions. One of the topics that were considered by opponents of euthanasia is slippery slope theory; which means whatever that is provided seen by legal resolutions in modern countries. In the Netherlands in 1980 and 1990, euthanasia was widely discussed and in 2001, killing a patient by a doctor for getting rid of incurable pains was approved. Nowadays, there are valid documents indicating that at present in countries such as Holland, USA, UK and Australia providing that some physicians are being trained for voluntary euthanasia and some of the professors have accepted that the involuntary euthanasia for babies is a necessary action to help humanity. While in the present era all the religions have clearly expressed their disagreement with, euthanasia the question is that how the humans who claim for the human ethics and rights, in last few decades have descended from legalization abortion to the euthanasia of disabled children and neonatal and try to defend the newborns euthanasia by approving the Groningen protocol? This paper deals with the eroticization and discussion of the protocol by relying on the reliable books and papers of the world. So it’s better to train neonatologist and supporting poor families instead of euthanasia.