روابط سياسي خان نشين خيوه با دولت مركزي ايران در عهد قاجار

The political relation Khiva with centeral government Iran Era Qajar

واحه خوارزم با داشتن فرمانروايان محلّي موسوم به خوارزمشاهيان و بهره مندي از خودمختاري داخلي از نظر سياسي هميشه جزيي از ايران بود و فقط حمله مغول موجب گسيختگي اين پيوند گرديد. در دوره تيموري و صفوي، اين پيوند به شكل ديگري تجديد گشت، اما با سقوط همزمانِ صفويه و عربشاهيانِ خوارزم، دوباره وحدت و امنيت سياسي ايران از بين رفت و رقابت سران و سرداران در نواحي مختلف كشور و از جمله خوارزم آغاز شد. اين آشفتگي نزديك به يك قرن - بدون احتساب ايام سلطنت نادرشاه ـ در اداره امور سياسي ايران باقي ماند تا با روي كار آمدن قاجارها امنيت و وحدت سياسي كشور تجديد گرديد. درهمين زمان با ظهور سلسله بني اُيناق در خوارزم، همين سرنوشت براي آن واحه نيز رقم خورد. اين مقاله در پي آن است كه ضمن شناسايي تحولات داخلي خوارزم، زمينه‌هاي استقرار بني اُيناق (قنقرات‌ها) را بررسي كند. سپس با مطالعه روابط فيمابين خوانين قنقرات با دولت قاجار، نحوه تداوم يا تغيير در پيوند سنتي خوارزم با ايران را تبيين كند.

The oasis of khwarazm, having native rulers (called khwarazm shahs) and enjoying domestic independence, has always been politically a part of iran, And only during the Mongols invasion it disintegrated from this countr. during the ruling time of tamer lane and safawid dynasty again it united with Iran though in a different manner. Almost coinciding with the decline of safawid and arabshahids of khwarazm, once more, the political unity and domestic security of Iran ruined and so it raised competition for power among political leaders and military commandars from the four – corners of the country including khwarazm. So,( exclusive of ruling of nadir shah) for about hundred years, political diversities and unrests continued. However, with the advent of Qajar dynasty, peace and unity were reestablished in the country. Simultaneously, the same condition took place in khwarazm with the dynasty of bani oynaq coming to its power. This article, after all, intends to not only have an eye upon the domestic upheavals of khwarazm but to figure out how bani oynaqs(qanqorats) came to power. Moreover, the article is directed to examine the quality of the relationship between qanqorat´s noble (khans) and Qajar government in order to determine how the two sides kept their traditional connection or how this relationship altered thereafter.