مقايسه عوامل تنش‌زا در دانشجويان سال دوم و سال آخر پرستاري دانشگاه علوم پزشكي بيرجند (سال 1389)

A comparative study of stress between junior and senior baccalaureate nursing students in Birjand University of Medical Sciences

زمينه و هدف: دانشجويان پرستاري و مامايي، عوامل تنش‌زاي متعددي را تجربه مي‌كنند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف مقايسه عوامل تنش‌زا بين دانشجويان سال دوم و سال آخر پرستاري دانشكده پرستاري مامايي دانشگاه علوم پزشكي بيرجند انجام شد. روش تحقيق: در اين مطالعه توصيفي- تحليلي، تمام دانشجويان پرستاري سال دوم و سال آخر ارزيابي شدند. براي جمع‌آوري اطلاعات از پرسشنامه خودساخته شامل دو قسمت اطلاعات فردي و عوامل تنش‌زا در سه حيطه تحصيل در دانشگاه (17 سوال)، محيط‌هاي باليني (33 سوال) و شخصي- اجتماعي (15 سوال) استفاده شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS و آزمون آماري من‌ويتني در سطح معني‌داري 05/0P < تجزيه و تحليل شدند. يافته‌ها: در مجموع 109 دانشجو مورد بررسي قرار گرفتند. ميانگين سنّي آنان 2/1±21 و معدلشان 1/1±2/16 بود. در حيطه تحصيل در دانشگاه، ديدگاه دانشجويان در موضوعات نامناسب‌بودن روش تدريس توسط اساتيد و امتحانات و نحوه ارزشيابي استاد (05/0P < ) و در حيطه محيط‌هاي باليني، در موضوعات مراقبت از افراد در حال مرگ و ديدن زخم و انجام پانسمان تفاوت معني‌داري مشاهده گرديد (05/0P < ). در حيطه شخصي- اجتماعي نيز ديدگاه دانشجويان در موضوعات عدم رضايت از رشته تحصيلي و كافي نبودن تسهيلات رفاهي از نظر آماري تفاوت معني‌داري نشان داد (05/0P < ). نتيجه‌گيري: دانشجويان پرستاري و مامايي دانشكده پرستاري و مامايي بيرجند، عوامل تنش‌زاي متعددي را بخصوص در حيطه شخصي- اجتماعي تجربه مي‌كنند. به طور كلّي در اين پژوهش بين ميانگين عوامل تنش‌آور در تمام حيطه‌ها از نظر دانشجويان، تفاوت معني‌دار آماري وجود ندارد؛ اما در مقايسه بعضي از عوامل تنش‌زا به صورت انفرادي با همديگر تفاوت آماري وجود دارد كه لازم است مداخله لازم توسط مسوولين دانشكده و دانشگاه صورت گيرد. واژه هاي كليدي: پرستاري، تنش، دانشجويان

Background and Aim: Many stressors are experienced by Nursing and midwifery students. In order to identify stressors and reduce stress and prevent their consequences should be taking measures in the areas of student life. This study compared stressors among students in second year and final year of nursing school is Birjand University of Medical Sciences. Comparison of stressors in the context students can control a large extent these factors provide. Materials and Methods: Study was a descriptive- analytical that the census sampling was conducted on all of second year and final year (109) nursing students. Self designed to collect information including 1-demographic information and 2- stress factors in three areas of education at university (17 questions) and clinical environments (33 questions) Personal- Social (15 questions) is used. Data analysis was sealed SPSS software and to compare the stressors in different groups using the Mann-Whitney test and significance level of P < 0.05 was considered. Results: A total of 109 people, from 120 of the second year and final year nursing students with a mean age of 21±2.1 and the average 16.2±1.1 were studied. In total stressors Personal- Social area was mean 3.22 in the students all the more important then other factors ,within the clinical environments was mean 2.85 and within education at the University area was mean 2.77 Between students semester 3-4 and 7-8 and students in the area of education at university by two factors, 1- inappropriate teaching methods and exams, 2- teacher evaluation, In the area of clinical environments, see people dying and dressing wounds, Personal- Social areas of dissatisfaction with nursing course and inadequate facilities shows significant differences. And between single and married people in the area of education at university two titles, and in the area of Clinical environment a large number of factors show statistically significant differences. Between residential and non residential students studying in two areas of Personal- Social and education at university in any case no significant difference. Only in the areas of clinical environments, patient death, patient care of non-homosexual, the probability of harm to patients, clinical performance evaluation by the instructor, show statistically significant differences. Conclusion: Nursing and midwifery students in Birjand, tolerated multiple stressors, especially in the Personal- Social area. Finally, in this study between stressful factors in all domains of nursing viewpoint of students in the second and fourth year of study, there is no significant difference. There are significant differences between demographic factors and stress in some factors that need for stress management, intervention must be made by schools and universities deans. Key Words: Nursing; Students, Stress