بررسي همبستگي خودكارآمدي با عملكرد باليني دانشجويان پرستاري

Correlation Study of Nursing Students’ Self-Efficacy with Clinical Performance

مقدمه و هدف: خودكارآمدي ريشه در نظريه شناختي ـ اجتماعي بندورا دارد. پژوهش حاضر براساس نظريه بندورا و با هدف تعيين همبستگي خودكارآمدي با عملكرد باليني پرستاري دانشجويان سال آخر انجام شد. روش كار: پژوهش همبستگي حاضر با نمونه اي متشكل از 207 دانشجوي پرستاري سال آخر انجام شد. ابزارهاي پژوهش شامل " خودكارآمدي عملكرد باليني" با 37 عبارت در چهار حيطه و مقياس لايكرت 100-0 و "عملكرد باليني پرستاري" با 5 سناريوي موردي و 15 سوال چهار گزينه اي بود. ضريب آلفاي كرونباخ پرسشنامه "خودكارآمدي عملكرد باليني" 96/0 ?= با دامنه بين 92/0- 90/0، پايايي آزمون مجدد با فاصله دو هفته 94/0r = بود. ضريب آلفاي كرونباخ پرسشنامه "عملكرد باليني پرستاري" 78/0?= و پايايي آزمون مجدد 81/0r = بود. نتايج: يافته ها نشان داد كه بين "خودكارآمدي عملكرد باليني" با "عملكرد باليني پرستاري" (001/0 > p، 425/0 = r) همبستگي مثبت و معنادار آماري مشاهده شد. نتيجه نهايي: با توجه به ميانگين درصد نمرات واحدهاي مورد پژوهش، خودكارآمدي و عملكرد باليني دانشجويان سال چهارم پرستاري متوسط بود. همچنين بين "خودكارآمدي عملكرد باليني" با "عملكرد باليني" دانشجويان پرستاري همبستگي وجود داشت. لذا، عوامل غيردرسي، مانند خودكارآمدي، در عملكرد دانشجويان، بخصوص در بالين، نقش مهمي را بر عهده دارند.

Introduction & Objective: The concept of self-efficacy stems from social-cognitive theory. Present research was conducted, consistent with Bandura’s Self-Efficacy Theory, with the purpose of identified correlation of nursing students’ self-efficacy with clinical performance. Materials & Methods: This correlation study conducted with a sample of 207 nursing students. The research instruments concluded, “Clinical Performance Self-efficacy” scale consists of four dimensions with 37 items (0-100 Likert-format) and “Nursing Clinical Performance” with 5 case scenario and 15 questions. Validity and reliability of the scales were tested. Internal reliability of “Clinical Performance Self-efficacy” scale had ?=0.96; the dimensions Cronbach’s ? ranged from 0.90 to 0.92. Test–retest reliability with a 2-week time interval was r = 0.94. Internal reliability of “Nursing Clinical Performance” scale had ?=0.78. Test–retest reliability was r = 0.81. Results: Result showed that significant correlation was detected between "clinical performance self-efficacy" and "nursing clinical performance" (r = 0.425, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Based of the percentile average of scores, self-efficacy and clinical performance of nursing students were moderate. Also, there was significant correlation between "clinical performance self-efficacy" and "nursing clinical performance" of nursing students. Therefore, non educational factors, such as self-efficacy, had an important role in studentsʹ performances, especially in clinical settings.