بررسي عوامل اجتماعي و فرهنگي موثر بر احساس امنيت زنان

Reviewing Socia Factors Contributing to Womenʹʹs Security Feeling

در اين پژوهش، نقش عوامل فرهنگي و اجتماعي موثر در احساس امنيت زنان در مناطق جنوب و شمال تهران مورد بررسي قرار گرفته است. اين مطالعه به دنبال تبيين نقش مولفه‌هاي اجتماعي و فرهنگي موثر بر احساس امنيت زنان در مناطق ياد شده و مقايسه اين مناطق با يكديگر مي باشد. روش تحقيق مورد نظر پيمايشي است. جامعه آماري شامل كليه زنان واقع در سنين فعاليت (گروه‌هاي سني 15 تا 64 ) مناطق 1و 2 (شمال) و 19 و 20 (جنوب) تهران مي باشد. بر اساس فرمول نمونه گيري كوكران حجم نمونه در مناطق شمال تهران 532 و در مناطق جنوب تهران530 نفر مشخص و به شيوه تصادفي در بلوك هاي تعيين شده مورد بررسي قرار گرفته اند. ابزار سنجش در اين تحقيق پرسشنامه توام با مصاحبه بوده و براي آزمون روايي و اعتبار ابزار سنجش از ضريب آلفاي كرونباخ استفاده شده است. با توجه به نتايج آزمون كرونباخ (84/0=a) اعتبار و روايي پرسشنامه تاييد گرديده است. همچنين، روش‌هاي تجزيه و تحليل داده‌ها بر اساس آمار توصيفي و استنباطي مورد بررسي قرار گرفته است. در تحليل رابطه متغيرهاي تحقيق و مقايسه روابط بين متغيرها در مناطق شمال و جنوب تهران از آزمون‌هاي همبستگي پيرسون و آزمون T و همچنين تحليل رگرسيون و تحليل مسير استفاده شده است. يافته‌هاي پژوهش رابطه معنادار بين متغيرهاي اجتماعي و فرهنگي (مهارت‌هاي زندگي، سرمايه اجتماعي، هويت ملي، سرمايه فرهنگي و پايگاه اجتماعي- اقتصادي) با مقوله احساس امنيت اجتماعي زنان در مناطق (شمال و جنوب تهران) را نشان داده است. نتايج آزمون Tتفاوت معني دار بين احساس امنيت در بين زنان مناطق شمال و جنوب تهران را در سطح اطمينان 99درصد نشان داده است.

The present cultural and social factors causing women to feel safe in the pot. The case in the regions 1 and 2 (north of Tehran), 19 and 20 (south of Tehran) has been studied for clarifying the role of social and cultural components factor affecting womenʹs sense of security in this region Vmqays•h these areas is another. Survey research method is desired. Statistical population included all women residing in this region in age groups 15 to 64 is based on 1385 population census and the Statistical Center of Iran, the growth rate 6 / 1 announced by the centerʹs population Women regions mentioned in the age groups 15 to 64 for the year 1389 were calculated based on the formula Cochrane Total sample size in north Tehran 532 and in areas south of Tehran 530 persons specified manner Random Drblvk designated areas related sample by interviewers were selected. assessment questionnaire in this study was based on Likert range is designed to test validity and reliability of supply and preliminary assessment questionnaire after obtaining opinions of experts and its implementation to correct deficiencies questions were attempted. Alpha test reliability and stability tool to study a factor in 84 percent approved. Methods of data analysis based on descriptive and inferential statistics were examined. In descriptive statistics to determine indicators of central tendency, dispersion indices and indicators distribution described above and in the section on inferential statistics to determine relationships between variables underlying Vmtghyr research and compare the relationships between variables in the regions north and south of Tehran test correlation old Fast Download and T as well as regression analysis and path analysis were used and between research variables (independent variables) with a sense of security womenʹs categories (dependent variable) is used. In the studies performed, significant relationship between background variables (age, marital status, level of knowledge and Thsylat employment) with the feeling of security issues and womenʹs changing research and its related components, including (social capital, cultural capital) with two categories of women feel safe zones (north and south of Tehran) has shown. Also, in comparison Some of the variables and research components of the categories women feel safe in the two regions mentioned above (north and south of Tehran) between research variables (social capital and cultural capital) with the categories of women feel secure significant difference in the averages shown Women feel safe in the area of northern Tehran above average sense of security in the region south of women. in the regression analysis related to the independent variables (fixed number, social cohesion, social trust, social participation and cultural capital) with the dependent variable ( Women feel safe) between north and south Tehran there is significant correlation between the variables and the significant correlation feel safe there and at least one significant regression coefficients.