پيشينه تحوّلات و دگرديسي فرهنگيِ آثار مكتوب پيش از اسلام

2-History of cultural developments and metamorphosis of works written in pre- Islamic Era

ايران زمين در برهه هاي مختلف تاريخ، مورد تهاجم اقوام بيگانه بوده و آثار مكتوب ايراني اعمّ از كتاب هاي ديني، علمي، تاريخي و ... بارها در معرض زوال و نابودي قرار گرفته است. اَسناد متعدّدِ تاريخي به تاريخچه اين امر اشاره داشته اند و نيز گواهي مي دهند كه ميراث مكتوب ايراني از طريق باز تحرير يا تاليف مجدّد و نيز ترجمه در معرض بازيافت قرار گرفته و اِحيا شده اند و بسياري از تاليفات و ترجمه هاي علمي، تاريخي و فرهنگي در دوره اسلامي محصول ميراث ِ فكري تمدّن هاي بزرگي چون ايران و يونان است كه البتّه ميراث يوناني به دليل تهاجم اسكندر مقدوني به ايران باستان در بردارنده معارف ايراني نيز بوده است. در اين مقاله بر آنيم تا با بررسي پيشينه تحوّلات فرهنگي در زمينه آثار مكتوب، مستندات تاريخي را در اين خصوص مدّ نظر قرار دهيم.

During different historic periods, Land of Iran has been invaded by alien tribes and Iranian written works such as religious, scientific and historic books have been subjected to detruction and demolition for several times. Many historical evidences have referred to background of this issue and at the same time they testified that Iranian cultural written hertage has been subjected to recovery and revival by rewriting or repeated compilation and translation. And also during Islamic period, many scientific, historic and cultural writings and translations were intellectual heritage of great civilizations like Iran and Greece where Greek heritage, of course, has also included Iranian teachings because of Mecedonian Alexander’s Invasion to Persia. In this paper, we intend to consider historical documentations in this regard by exploration into cultural developments in the field of written works.