بررسي ايجاد پيمان منطقه‌اي عاري از سلاح اتمي در آسياي مركزي: فرصت‌ها و چالش‌ها

Analyzing the creation free regional treaty from nuclear weapons in central Asia:opportunities and challenges

ايجاد منطقه‌ي عاري از سلاح اتمي در آسياي مركزي و قفقاز يكي از مفاهيمي است كه در راستاي غيراتمي كردن اين منطقه ايجاد شده است و هدف آن علاوه بر گسترش امنيت و ايجاد ثبات در منطقه، گسترش صلح و امنيت جهاني نيز مي‌باشد. وجود چالش‌هاي اتمي و غير اتمي عمده در اين منطقه از جمله همجواري با قدرت‌هاي اتمي چين و روسيه، نزديكي با دو كشور دارا ي سلاح اتمي(هند و پاكستان)، مشكلات زيست محيطي باقيمانده از دوران شوروي سابق،تروريسم،اهميت ژيوپلتيك منطقه و حضور نيروهاي فرا منطقه‌اي، آسياي مركزي را به به يكي از مناطق حساس بلاخص در دهه‌هاي اخير تبديل كرده است. لذا ايجاد منطقه‌ي عاري از سلاح اتمي در اين منطقه مي‌تواند پاسخي عقلاني به چالش‌هاي موجود بوده و مقاله‌ي اخير در صدد است علاوه بر بررسي مشوق‌هاي تاريخي، ژيوپليتيكي در ايجاد منطقه عاري از از سلاح اتمي به علل و عوامل ايجاد اين منطقه و موانع آن در آسياي مركزي نيز بپردازد

Establishing a region free of nuclear weapons in central Asia and Caucasus is one of the concepts developed for making this area non-nuclear and its goal is not only to establish solidarity and develop security in the region but spread and promote peace and security in the world. The existence of atomic and non-atomic challenges in the region such as being in the proximity of two atomic powers, i.e. China and Russia, and two countries that possess atomic bombs (India and Pakistan), environmental problems existing since the soviet union times, terrorism, geopolitical importance of the area, and the presence of trans-regional forces, have all made this region one of the most important areas in the world especially during the last decade. on the other hand,central Asia due its good potential,is going to use these capaabilities (energy and Transit) and by establishing security to prepare the grounds for attraction of foreign investment. This action not only reduces economic, internal and external problems of the member countries, but also due to mosaic nature of the relations of the region’s nation and cultures it can be a crucial factor in direction of national consensus and solidarity and reduction of the existing problems. Therefore, creating a region free of atomic weapons in this region can be a logical solution to these challenges. The present study is an attempt to consider not only the historical and geopolitical motivations for creating peaceful conditions in central Asia but also the reasons and factors involved and the obstacles constraining this effort