فردوسي و زُروانيه بررسي تاثيرپذيري فردوسي از آيين زُرواني

Firdawsi and Zorvanism An investigation on the influence of Zorvanism on Firdawsi

فردوسي و شاهنامه او را مي توان حاصل دو فرهنگ يا آبشخور فكري دانست؛ يك سوي فرهنگِ ايراني و ديگر سوي فرهنگ اسلامي . هنگامي كه او آهنگ سرودن شاهنامه را در سر مي پرورانده، نزديك به چهارصد سال از ورود اسلام به ايران گذشته است و بي گمان انديشه هاي اسلامي بر او تاثير و نفوذ داشته است. به جز تفكرات اسلامي، باورهاي اديان كهن و آدابِ باستاني، قطعاً بر فردوسي و اثر او تاثير گذاشته است. در اين فرصت تلاش بر آن است كه نفوذِ كيش زُرواني از اديان باستاني را بر فردوسي و شاهنامه پيش كشيم و تصويرهاي زرواني در شاهنامه و ناخودآگاه ذهنِ شاعر را به نمايش گذاريم. مي توان گفت: مسايلي چون اعتقاد به حاكميت دراز مدتِ شرّ در هستي، تقديرگرايي فردوسي، ستيزه گري با زنان و نوع ارتباط دين و شاهي در شاهنامه، از تاثير زروانيه بر بخش ناهشيار يا احتمالاً هشيار ذهن شاعر برخاسته است.

Firdawsi’s thoughts and his masterpiece, Shahnameh, can be considered as the yields of two different cultures or two different sources of thinking that Persian culture is in one side and Islamic culture is in another side. When Firdawsi intended to versify Shahnameh, it had been passed four century after the arrival of Islam to Persia, and Islamic thoughts certainly had a lot of influences on Firdawsi and his masterpiece: Shahnameh. Not only Islamic thoughts but also the ancient religious rituals, beliefs and customs before the advent of Islam certainly had influenced Firdawsi and his work. It is tried to be brought up the influence of Zorvanism on Firdawsi and Shahnameh and also we will represent the portrait of Zorvanism in Shahnameh and Firdawsi’s unconscious mind. It can be said that some issues like believing in the long sovereignty of evil in the world, Firdawsi’s beliefs in determinism, quarreling with women and the portrait of the union between religion and monarchy in Shahnameh have been raised from the influence of Zorvanism on Firdawsi’s unconscious or perhaps conscious mind.