كليدواژه :
فمينيسم , فلسفه خاص , فلسفه عام , معماري خاص , معماري عام
چكيده فارسي :
مبناي جامعه شناسي نظريه است و نظريه ها نگاه انسان به جهان را مي سازند. اگرچه فمينيسم يا جنبش برابري طلبي زنان را
به دليل اينكه نظريه اي واحد نبوده و فمينيست ها در مورد شيوه هاي توضيح فرودستي زنان يا راه هاي رهايي آنها هم عقيده
نيستند نمي توان يك نظريه يا جهان بيني به حساب آورد، اما نفوذ تفكرات فمنيستي در حوزه معماري كه همزمان با موج دوم
اين جنبش، اواخردهه 1970 ، شروع شد را نمي توان ناديده گرفت. هدف مقاله ضمن پرداختن به نظريه هاي فمينيستي وتبيين
نكات مشترك ومتفاوت اين نظريه ها، بيان خواستگاه و حلقه اتصالي و حوزه نفوذ تفكرات اين جنبش كه واجد عمري كمتر از
سه دهه است در حيطه معماري بوده و است لذا هدف كمك در عرصه نظري به تحقيقاتي است كه در اين زمينه صورت مي گيرد.
نتايج مطالعات بيان كننده دلايل عدم موفقيت تاثير گذار و فراگير مفاهيم اين جنبش در معماري است.
چكيده لاتين :
The base of sociology is theory and theory makes human’ s viewpoint of the world .Feminism is a movement
for earning women rights like suffrage in the world. history of anthropology of feminism has been divided to
three waves;1850-1920 first wave,1920-1980 second wave and 1980 up to now is third wave.on the other hand
its’division has four main parts,liberal feminism,radical feminism,social feminism and Marxism feminism. in resent
years Islamic feminism appeare too, perhaps Egypt is first Islamic country that feminism opinion is being prevalence.
Although feminism , that has been appeared since thirty years ago, could not be recognized as a theory, because
of its’ dispersal sights and its’ belivers difference ideas about women rights and them freedom ways too, but we
should be remember its’ prevalence in architectural domain contenporaneou second wave of this movement. It is
so important that feminism has criticism in islam and it is not acceptable by religious customs or traditions,as will
be explained inside body of paper.
in this article at first feminism will be identify then determaine feminism ideas and compare them by means
of argue their commones and differences in theirs tenets. this research implement survey of ancient texts as
Vitruvius- Ten books of architecture- and Filarete- Treatist on architecture- , also Diana agrest-Architecture from
whitout(1993)- and Dolores heden- Introduction:Gender,Space,Architecture(Rendell,2000) from contemporary era.
Vitruvius and Filarete in their texts explain by causes that between body of male and femal in architecture, male
body is the sutiable scale for static and elegance of buliding.on the other hand Diana Agrset say:”logocentrism and
anthropomorphism are underlying the system of architecture since Vitruvius,then read and rewritten in Renaissance
and through the modern movement”. in her paper -Architecture from without:body,logic and sex- she continue:”the
body of texts and rules developed in the Renaissance that,as a reading of the classics,established the foundations
for western architecture,which I call the system of architecture.” Articles’ target is try to argument offspring and
representation of conjunction between feminism and architecture and try to determine feminisim ideas’ relations to
architecture wherefore help other researches in the same theme.In architecture sphere our focus is on Jacques
Derrida and Delouse.
It clear to us that situation of connection between feminism and architecture is ignoring dualism by Derrida.his idea
about dualism from past and ignore it ,also his resoanes provide sutiable context for liberal feminists to protest
sphered spaces like public and privet space in architecture that say women belong only privet and inside spaces
and this kind of spaces are not important as same as other spaces.
Articles’ research methodology is descriptive and is being use of library sources for data collection.finaly we have
to divide philosophic and architecture in four part, general philosophic,special philosophic, general architecture and
special architecture. Indicate that they have direct relative, as General philosophic creative general architecture
and special philosophic crative special architecture. Main probleim is situation between special philosophic and
general architecture. Results argue that feminism has unsuccessful fundamental in architecture because it could
not produce a general architecture.
