بررسي شاخص هاي مسكن ايران و جهان (مطالعه موردي : ايران ، انگليس و فرانسه)

(Studying of Housing Indicators in Iran and World (Case Study: Iran, England and France

روند شتابان شهرنشيني و رشد جمعيت در سه دهه گذشته در كشورهاي در حال توسعه و به ويژه در كشور ايران، مسايل بسياري در ابعاد اجتماعي، اقتصادي و سياسي به همراه داشته است و تهيه برنامه اي جامع در بازار مسكن را ضروري ساخته است . براي چنين برنامه اي شاخص هاي مسكن و ارزيابي آنها ابزار مناسبي جهت سنجش نيازهاي بخش مسكن در كشور است . هدف از اين پژوهش، بررسي و مقايسه وضعيت مسكن در ايران و دو كشور انگليس و فرانسه است . اين پژوهش از نوع تحليلي است. در اين پژوهش شاخصهاي كمي ، كيفي و اقتصادي مسكن در كشورهاي ايران ، انگليس و فرانسه مورد سنجش قرار گرفته است. نتايج حاكي از آن است كه با توجه به تحولات جمعيتي، شاخصهاي مسكن در ايران در همه موارد رشد يافته است از طرفي ، هنوز براي رسيدن به شاخصهاي كشورهاي پيشرفته فاصله زيادي وجود دارد.

Accelerated process of urbanization in developing countries specially after second war has created very problems and complex issues from different aspects such as : social, economic and political problems .Dramatic population changes in three decade ago, shows that we should supply comprehensive plan about it also housing is important issue in countries . The housing indicators are suitable tools for assessing the condition of housing. Also, we can compare condition of housing between several countries (for example we compare condition of housing between three countries: Iran, England, and France). On the other hand indicators determine the place of countries. Housing indicators, provide appropriate information about housing. (These information are, quantitative, qualitative and economic) . Indicators increase the level of information in order to understand the living conditions of residents that this is the most application of indicators ( because true information are necessary for planning ). The purpose of research is, review of condition of housing also we analyze and compare housing conditions in the world (Iran, England, and France) based on quantitative, qualitative and economic indicators (generally, indicators are divided three section. it means, quantitative, qualitative and economic indicators. on the other hand these indicators are divided several subdivisions such as : average household per dwelling ,average number of persons per dwelling , average number of rooms per dwelling , Bath/shower and central heating in dwelling stock ,average of floor area ) that this paper has descript themes ) . The method of research is analytical. At first has been mentioned to quinquennial plan after Islamic evaluation of Iran that their numbers are four (it shows the programs of housing in Iran between four courses, first course is 1368- 1372, the second course is 1374-1378, third course is 1379-1383 and the last course is 1384- 1389). Then, we study three indicators (quantitative, qualitative and economic indicators) from different aspects such as: average household per dwelling, average number of persons per dwelling, average number of rooms per dwelling , Bath/shower and central heating in dwelling stock, average of floor area. after that , are analyzed and compared between "Iran "France" England that we have used resource library of academic centers for providing information such as organizations, institutions, research centers (management & planning organization), internet, census results . Research finding shows the growth housing indicators in Iran in last decade has been grown. On the other hands these indicators represent that we should attempt a lot for achieving to indicators of developed country. (it means although Iran in achieving global indicators is success but developed country are more success so Iran should attempt a bout it ). Generally the indicators help the countries that study condition of housing and predict appropriate conditions for their country .the result of this research show that the first rank of housing between these country is England also the second rank is France . On the other hand, although Iran is third rank but have appropriate growth in housing and appropriate schematization is necessary in housing