تبيين اثرات اجراي طرح هادي بر بهبود كيفيت زندگي در نواحي روستايي ( مطالعه موردي : دهستان كراني- شهرستان بيجار )

The effects of Guide Plan on the Improvement of Life Quality in Rural Areas

امروزه طرح هادي روستايي، به عنوان نخستين تلاش سازمان يافته و فراگير ملي براي ساماندهي فضايي روستاهاي كشور، مهم ترين ابزار مديريت توسعه روستايي محسوب مي شود . طرح هادي روستا از جمله طرح هاي عمران روستايي است كه مي تواند نقش بنيادي و زيربنايي در توسعه يكپارچه نواحي روستايي داشته باشد. لذا با توجه به ادامه روند اجراي اين طرحها، ارزيابي اثرات آن ها، موضوع مهمي است كه مي تواند از يك سو پيامدهاي اجراي طرح را در روستا مشخص كند و از سوي ديگر با شناسايي قوتها و ضعف هاي موجود ، اطلاعات لازم را براي مديريت بهتر طرح ها فراهم نمايد. در اين راستا تحقيق حاضر با هدف بررسي اثرات اجراي طرح هادي بر بهبود كيفيت زندگي روستاييان انجام شده است. روش تحقيق توصيفي- تحليلي مي‌باشد و جمع آوري اطلاعات به-صورت كتابخانه اي و ميداني ( پرسشنامه، مصاحبه و مشاهده ) صورت گرفته است. جامعه آماري تحقيق تمامي روستاهاي دهستان كراني مي باشد كه از هر گروه از روستاهاي داراي طرح و فاقد طرح هادي، سه روستا به صورت نمونه گيري احتمالي طبقه بندي شده، سپس با استفاده از جدول مورگان، 274 نفر به عنوان نمونه آماري انتخاب شدند. داده هاي به دست آمده با استفاده از آزمون t، مان ويتني و تحليل مسير مورد تجزيه و تحليل قرار گرفتند. نتايج به دست آمده نشان مي دهد كه در مجموع، اجراي طرح هادي تاثيرات مثبت و معناداري را بر ابعاد كالبدي داشته است ولي در ابعاد محيطي، اجتماعي و اقتصادي موفقيت چنداني حاصل نشده است.

One of the most important structural elements in the development of rural residential areas in support of the poor and reduction of rural vulnerability can be a special attention that should be paid to Physical aspects of human social, economic and environmental activities. Nowadays, rural Guide Plan as the first national comprehensive effort for organizing our country’s villages is counted as the most important tool for rural development management. Rural Guide Plan is one of the rural development projects that can have a fundamental role in an integrated development of rural areas. Thus, due to an ongoing implementation of these projects, the critical issue might be the assessment process. This will, on the one hand give an insight into the consequences of the project and on the other hand, provide us with necessary data for managing the projects by identifying the advantages and disadvantages of the plan. In this regard, the present research has been done to figure out the effects of Guide Plan on the life quality of villagers. The research has been carried out based on descriptive-analytical method and the data has been gathered by library studies (questionnaires- observations- and interviews). The statistical sample comprises of all the villages of Corani Rural District. Out of all the villages, with and without implemented Guide Plan, three villages have been classified as probable samples. Then 274 people have been chosen as the statistical sample by using Morgan table. The obtained data has been analyzed by the T test, Mann Whitney and path analysis. On the whole, the research shows that Guide Plan has had positive effects on the physical aspects but not much success has been achieved on the social, economic and environmental levels. All in all, among the quality-of- life aspects, the physical dimension with an average of 3/09, occupied the first rank and the environmental, social and economic aspects came later on the list. Finally improvements in the quality of life on physical levels were assessed as average, but on the environmental, social and economic levels were evaluated as poor.