مكتب شيراز و زيرساختهاي فلسفي حكمت متعاليه

School of Shiraz and the Philosophical Foundations of the Transcendent Philosophy

پس از حمله مغول، مركز علم و فرهنگ از خراسان و ماورا النهر به شيراز انتقال مييابد و اين حوزه بمدت سه قرن بعنوان كانون اصلي حكمت اسلامي قبل از ملاصدرا مطرح ميشود كه بزرگاني چون قطب‌الدين شيرازي، مير سيد شريف جرجاني، محقق دواني و خاندان دشتكيها را در خود پرورده است. تحقيق حاضر ضمن معرفي ويژگيهاي فكري مكتب شيراز و آرا انديشمندان آن، به بررسي ارتباط ميان انديشه‌هاي اين مكتب با مباني حكمت متعاليه ملاصدرا و نحوه تاثيراتي كه بزرگان اين مكتب، در شكل‌دهي زيرساختهاي فلسفي حكمت متعاليه ملاصدرايي داشته‌اند، ميپردازد و روشن ميسازد كه بسياري از مباني و عناصر حكمت متعاليه، ريشه در انديشه‌هاي مكتب شيراز دارد كه بارزترين آن، تركيب حكمت مشايي و اشراقي در حكمت متعاليه ميباشد.

After the Mongol’s Attack, the centers for science and culture were transferred from Khorasan and Transoxiana to Shiraz. As a result, this region was considered to be the main center of Islamic philosophy before Mulla Sadra, which presented such great figures as Qutb al-Din Shirazi, Mir Seyyed Sharif Jurjani, Muhaqqiq Dawani, and the family of Dashtaki. The present research, while introducing the philosophical characteristics of the School of Shiraz and the ideas of the thinkers associated with it, examines the relationship between the philosophical principles of this school with those of Mulla Sadra’s Transcendent Philosophy and the quality of the effects the great thinkers of the school of Shiraz exercised on the development of the philosophical principles of the Transcendent Philosophy. Finally, it explains why many of the elements and principles of this school of philosophy are rooted in the theoretical foundations of the School of Shiraz. The most obvious instance of this point is the combination of the principles of Peripatetic and Illuminationist philosophies in the Transcendent Philosophy.