سنجش و ارزيابي پايداري در مناطق روستايي با استفاده از تكنيك تصميم‌گيري چندمتغيره فازي- تاپسيس

Assessment and Evaluation of Sustainability inRural Areas: Using TOPSIS- FUZZY Multi-criteriaDecision Making Technique

مفهوم توسعه پايدار را مي‌توان حالتي از تعادل و توازن ميان ابعاد مختلف توسعه دانست كه هدف آن برطرف كردن احتياجات و بهبود بخشيدن به شرايط كيفي زندگي انساني است. از اين روي دستيابي به توسعه پايدار به منظور بهره‌برداري مناسب از منابع و ايجاد رابطه متعادل و متوازن ميان انسان، اجتماع و طبيعت، هدف آرماني برنامه‌ريزان و مديران توسعه و به ويژه توسعه روستايي تلقي مي‌شود و زماني امكان‌پذير مي‌گردد كه چارچوبي مناسب براي انتخاب شاخص‌ها و معرف‌هاي توسعه پايدار و ابزاري كارآمد به منظور تجزيه و تحليل، سنجش و ارزيابي آن فراهم باشد؛ زيرا انجام اين كار سبب ارتقاي سطح اعتبار يافته‌هاي علمي پژوهشگران و افزايش قابليت اطمينان فضاي تصميم‌گيري مديران و سياست‌گذاران مي‌شود. براين اساس تاكنون مدل‌ها و تكنيك‌هاي متعددي در سطوح مختلف به منظور سنجش و ارزيابي توسعه پايدار به‌كار گرفته شده، اما هنوز چارچوب مناسبي براي ارزيابي و سنجش پايداري به‌خصوص در مناطق روستايي يافت نشده است. بنابراين هدف اصلي مقاله پيش‌رو، شناسايي روش‌هاي متعدد ارزيابي پايداري و انتخاب يكي از آن روش‌ها با رويكرد يكپارچه به منظور سنجش و ارزيابي پايداري است. با توجه به پژوهش‌هاي نظري، رويكرد ارزيابي يكپارچه و در زيرمجموعه آن ارزيابي چندمتغيره براساس تكنيك تاپسيس فازي براي مطالعه در نظر گرفته شد. در ادامه، روستاهاي شهرستان كميجان به عنوان مطالعه‌ موردي براي پژوهش انتخاب شدند كه براساس روش نمونه‌گيري كوكران از 430 خانوار پرسش‌نامه داده‌ها جمع‌آوري گرديد و پس از انجام محاسبات نتايج نشان دادند كه به ترتيب روستاهاي فضل‌آباد و علي‌آباد با امتيازهاي 696/0 و 666/0 ميزان پايداري بالا و روستاهاي كسرآصف و چالميان سطح پايداري كمتري در قياس با ساير سكونتگاه‌ها دارند.

It is possible when forming a framework to select appropriate indicators and represent sustainable development and efficient tool to analyze, measure and evaluate them. Because the framework of appropriate and efficient tool to evaluate and measure the sustainability, are credibility findings that promote scientific research and increase the reliability of space-making decisions managers and policy makers. Accordingly, is applied since the model and techniques several different levels to assess and evaluate sustainable development, but have not achieved a good framework for sustainability evaluation, especially in rural areas. Therefore the key objective of this paper is to identify several evaluation methods of sustainability and with this comprehensive approach the choice to assess the sustainability evaluation. Therefore, theoretical literature was considered an integrated approach for assessment and evaluation of the sub- based on multi criteria techniques to study TOPSIS- FUZZY. More was selected to study village of Komijan Township as case study, based on approach measures form Cochran sample of 430 households questionnaire were collected data. Results & Discussion The main objective of this paper is to combine and integrate environmental, economic and social impact assessment procedures in order to support decisionmaking in the context of rural sustainable development in the Komijan Township. Calculation results showed grace villages respectively are entitled Fazlabad Aliabad score 0/696 and 0/666 of high and stable levels of rural Chalmyan and Ksrasf level less stable than other settlements. Thus Chalmyan and Ksrasf have a low degree of sustainability in the other rural Points area and this model could well express the sustainability gradation among rural of this region. So the result of study and observation are adopted with current objectivity in rural settlement. Conclusion The conclusion of this combination of literature and field studies is that if SDIs are to contribute substantially to the increased sustainability of rural systems, they must be applied in planning and decision making. Sound accounting and reporting practices are prerequisites for other SDI applications. In the fields of accounting and reporting, the rural studied can learn from the world experience and its implementation of tools such as EMS and sustainability reporting, a process that has Rural Research Quarterly Spring 2011 already started. Business, on the other hand, broadly speaking and judging from the literature studied, could most likely increase its sustainability performance by learning from the comparatively deep understanding of environmental issues, including cause-effect relationships. For rural areas of significant characteristics with particular problems and situations, suitable and accordant rural development measures have to be prepared and implemented. Still, a good understanding of rural sustainable issues among practitioners, will not lead to any practical changes as long as this understanding does not reach decision makers in rural area, which again points to the importance of SDA in planning and decision making