بررسي عوامل موثر بر نگرش نسبت به دموكراسي در ميان دانشجويان(مطالعه موردي دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقيقات)

A study of the factors influencing perception of democracy in university students(Case study in Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch)

مقاله حاضر،نگرش نسبت به دموكراسي را با توجه به مفهوم غربي آن در بين دانشجويان مورد مطالعه قرار داده است.با توجه به اهميتي كه نظريه پردازاني مانند آلپورت، چايلدز و ديگران به فرايند يادگيري در شكل دهي به نگرش ها داده اند و با توجه به نقشي كه برداشت از دين در شكل گيري جهانبيني و نحوه زندگي ارايه مي دهد كه اين برداشت از اوان كودكي تا بزرگسالي توسط نهادهاي متولي مثل آموزش و پرورش و نهادهاي تبليغاتي آموزش و اشاعه داده مي شود ؛ متغييرهاي برداشت از دين ، ميزان استفاده از رسانه هاي ارتباط جمعي و تحصيلات به عنوان متغييرهاي مستقل موثر بر نگرش نسبت به دموكراسي بررسي گرديده اند. همچنين با توجه به نظريه لاري دياموند مبني بر آنكه علت پايداري حكومتهاي اقتدار گرا را در توانايي اين حكومتها در تامين كارويژه هاي محوله مي داند ميزان رضايت از كارويژه هاي حكومت به عنوان متغيير مستقل ديگر بررسي گرديده است .در اين بررسي از روش پيمايش براي گرداوري اطلاعات در بين دانشجويان دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقيقات استفاده شده است.

In this paper, we study the perception of democracy, in the Western sense, in university students. With regard to the importance that theorists such as Alport, Childs, and others have attached to the learning process in forming perceptions and considering the role that understanding of religion plays in the formation of world view and lifestyle – an understanding that is taught and propagated by the institutions in charge, such as the educational system and publicizing institutions, from childhood to adulthood – the variables perception of religion, amount of mass media use, and level of education have been studied as independent variables. Moreover, considering Larry Diamondʹs view stating that the stability of authoritative governments is due to their ability to provide the functions assigned, the studentsʹ satisfaction with the Governmentʹs functions has been taken into account as another independent variable. The survey method was used to collect information from university students in Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch. The findings of the study indicate the following. 1- Understanding of religion in students is such that an increase in the degree of religiosity is accompanied by a decrease in positive perception of democracy. 2- Positive perception of democracy decreases as the amount of domestic radio and television use increases. 3- An increased use of the Internet, satellite programs, and newspapers is associated with increased positive perception of democracy. 4- Increased positive perception of democracy goes with enhanced levels of education. 5- Positive perception of democracy increases as the level of satisfaction with the Governmentʹs functions decreases.