چارچوبي براي تحليل و تطبيق فرهنگ سياسي در ايران قبل و بعد از انقلاب اسلامي

A Framework for the Analysis and Comparison of the Political Culture of Iran

دستيابي به يك مدل براي تحليل و تطبيق فرهنگ سياسي ايران نيازمند مطالعه و بررسي سيستم، فرآيند و سياستگذاري در فرايند سياسي و اجتماعي است. كشور ايران با داشتن دوره‌هاي پر فراز و نشيب، تجربه‌هاي فراواني را نصيب مردم ايران كرده است. فرهنگ سياسي در دوره پهلوي دوم عليرغم وجود ساختارهاي مشاركت سياسي به دليل ضعف فرهنگ سياسي رشد چنداني نداشت. با پيروزي انقلاب اسلامي بسترها و ساختارهاي مناسبي براي دستيابي به فرهنگ سياسي مشاركتي فراهم گرديد. مقاله حاضر با روش مطالعه تاريخي تطبيقي بر اساس نظريه فرهنگ سياسي آلموند- با تنقيح- به مقايسه پرداخته و به اين نتيجه رسيده، كه پس از انقلاب اسلامي سهم فرهنگ سياسي مشاركتي نسبت به انواع ديگر بيشتر و روند تحول در فرهنگ سياسي ايرانيان قابل مشاهده است.

Achieving a model for the analysis and comparison of the political culture of Iran requires the study and examination of the system, procedure and policy-making in the social and political process. Iran, having had periods of ups and downs, has provided its people a lot of experiences. Despite of the existing structures of political participation, political culture in the second Pahalvi era has not developed a lot, due to the weakness of the political culture. Through the victory of the Islamic revolution, good grounds and structures were provided for achieving the participative political culture. This paper has made comparisons through the historical-comparative method based on Almond’s theory of political culture(with some modifications) and has concluded that, after the Islamic revolution, the share of the participative political culture has been more than other kinds and the development in Iranians’ political culture is remarkable.