بررسي ارتباط درآمد و استفاده ازآب دربخش كشاورزي كشورهاي جهان

The Relationship between Agriculture Water Use and Income as Based on Cross-Country Data

هدف اصلي اين مقاله بررسي اثرات درآمد سرانه(توليد ناخالص داخلي سرانه) بر ميزان برداشت سرانه آب دربخش كشاورزي كشورهاي جهان است. براي اين منظور فرضيه "منحني زيست محيطي كوزنتس مبتني برمنابع طبيعي" بااستفاده از داده هاي مقطعي 163كشورجهان آزمون شده است. نتايج اين مقاله، فرضيه كوزنتس مبتني بر منابع طبيعي در اقتصاد آب را تاييد مي كند. براين اساس رابطه U شكل وارون ميان متغيرهاي درآمد سرانه و برداشت سرانه آب دربخش كشاورزي تاييد مي شود. برمبناي تخمين ها "نقطه تغيير"رابطه درآمد-برداشت آب بخش كشاورزي" در مقدار توليد ناخالص داخلي سرانه 739/339دلار بدست آمده است. يافته هاي اين مقاله نشان مي دهد از نظر برداشت سرانه، كشورايران دربين كشورهاي جهان همواره جز گروه كشورهاي با شاخص كميابي شديد آب وحتي در وضعيت بحراني قرار دارد.

In recent years, the issue of global water scarcity has attracted increasing attention within academia, non-governmental organizations and as well as within the media. The aim of this paper is to ascertain whether there is a systematic relationship between agriculture water use and income, and particularly whether an inverted U-shaped relationship exists, as has been found for other resources and for pollutants through EKC hypothesis. Using a new cross section data set of agriculture water use for 163 countries in the world, signs of such a relationship has become evident, suggesting that agriculture water use may benefit from composition and technique effects opposite scale effects’. Some models have used into original and logarithmic expressions by line, quadratics and cubic functions to estimate the relationship between agriculture water use and income. The “turning point” level as agriculture water use and income relationship is estimated as $5074. According to the article’s results, the efficiency of water use in the agriculture sector, population and socioeconomic policies has an important role in affecting onagriculture water use.