واكاوي ادله ناظر بر مرجعيت زنان در فقه اماميه

Exploring Evidence on Authorizing Women as Sources of Emulation in Imamiya Jurisprudence

مسيله‎ حضور يا عدم حضور بانوان در فعاليت‎هاي سياسي و اجتماعي از مسايل مناقشه‌برانگيزي است كه از ديرباز محل بحث بوده است. يكي از اين فعاليت‎ها، حق تصدي مرجعيت تقليد توسط زنان است. در فقه اماميه در مورد مرجعيت زنان دو ديدگاه وجود دارد: گروهي مرد بودن را از شرايط مرجع تقليد مي‎دانند، در مقابل طيف ديگر معتقدند كه مرد بودن از شرايط مرجعيت نيست و در اين خصوص زن و مرد مساوي هستند. اين پژوهش بر آن است كه با ذكر مهم‌ترين ادله‎ قايلين به عدم جواز مرجعيت زنان، به وجوه ناتمام بودن اين ادله اشاره كند و نشان دهد دليل قاطع و خدشه‎ناپذيري بر عدم مشروعيت تصدي مرجعيت از جانب زن، در دست نيست. در مقابل با تحليل ادله‎ قايلين به عدم شرطيت جنسيت در مرجع تقليد به اين نتيجه مي‎رسد كه زنان نيز مي‎توانند همچون مردان متصدي منصب مرجعيت تقليد شوند.

The issue of presence or absence of women in social and political activities has been among controversial issues which have been subject to debates since a long time ago. One of such activities is for women to become sources of religious emulation. In Imamiya jurisprudence there are two viewpoints about women becoming sources of emulation: one group considers manhood as a condition for becoming source of emulation while another group maintains that manhood is not a condition and men and women should be treated equal in this regard. This study first give the most important evidence provided by those who oppose women becoming sources of emulation before pointing out drawbacks of that evidence and proving that there is no indisputable evidence to prevent women from becoming sources of emulation. On the other hand, by analyzing the evidence given by those who believe that gender is not a condition for becoming source of emulation, the paper reaches the conclusion that women, like men, can become sources of emulation