مروري بر انواع مداخلات موثر بر گسترش دوچرخه‌هاي شهري در حمل و نقل عمومي

Review of Various Interventions for Effective Promotion of Bicycles in City Public Transport

امروزه انجام سفرها با استفاده از دوچرخه به‌جاي خودرو، در محدوده شهرها به‌ويژه در شهرهاي اروپا روزبه‌روز در حال افزايش است. به‌طوري‌كه اجراي موفق سيستم دوچرخه هاي شهري، دسترسي سريع و مطلوب را براي شهروندان فراهم مي‌سازد و از سوي ديگر اين مد حمل و نقل سعي در كاهش مسايل و معضلات اقتصادي، اجتماعي و زيست محيطي به‌ويژه در مراكز پرتراكم شهري دارد. از اين‌رو در اين مقاله، انواع مداخلات موثر بر سيستم دوچرخه‌سواري مشتمل بر قوانين و محدوديت‌ها، زيرساخت‌ها (نظير خطوط دوچرخه‌سواري، پاركينگ‌ها و ...)، يك‌پارچه‌سازي آن با حمل و نقل عمومي، آموزش و برنامه‌هاي بازاريابي مرور خواهد شد. مداخلات بررسي شده نيز حاكي از پشتيباني اين‌گونه مداخلات از سياست‌هاي حمل و نقل عمومي در تشويق به دوچرخه‌سواري است.

In the present time there is a very strong driver for the reduction of fossil fuel use and emissions, due to factors such as climate change, dwindling fuel reserves and increasing prices. An increase in traffic on the roads and upwards social mobility also means that congestion in cities is increasing, meaning that bicycles are a prime contender as the primary mode of transport for many commuters. There has been a subsequent rise in the number of bicycle trips as opposed to car journeys in many cities, especially in Europe. Successful implementation of a city bike system will yield rapid and convenient access for citizens, and would become the preferred mode of transport. At the same time, this transportation mode has the potential to decrease economic, social, and environmental problems, especially in city congestion zones. This is the rationale for this paper, in which various effective interventions with regards to a city bicycle system are reviewed, including issues of law, infrastructure, and integration with public transportation, training schemes and marketing programs. Most of the interventions studied in this review support the public transport policy for incentivizing the use of bicycles as a primary mode of transport for.