نقد و بررسي ايرادات مطروحه در مورد قتل در فراش

A Survey and Criticism of Questions Posed as to Homicide in the Marriage Bed

موضوع قتل در فراش كه قبل از انقلاب در مادّه‌ي 179 قانون مجازات عمومي متخّذ از مادّه‌ي 324 قانون جزاي سابق فرانسه بود، بعد از انقلاب در مادّه‌ي 630 قانون مجازات اسلامي سال 1375 منعكس شد. اين موضوع كه در زمان حاكميت مادّه‌ي 179، مورد نقد‌هاي حقوقي قرار مي‌گرفت، با انعكاس در مادّه‌ي 630 قانون مجازات اسلامي و ابتنا بر مباني فقهي، علاوه بر نقد حقوقي مورد انتقادات فقهي و روايي نيز واقع شد. اشكالاتي همچون ضعف تيوري دفاع مشروع به عنوان مبناي موجِّه حكم، سستي مباني فقهي و امكان سو استفاده از حكم قتل در فراش مواردي هستند كه در مقام ايراد بر اين حكم طرح گرديده‌اند. عمده‌ي اين ايرادات ناشي از اولاً: عدم توجّه به اختصاص موضوع به مقام ثبوت و نه مقام اثبات و ثانياً: عدم تحليل دقيق مباني فقهي و صرف اشاره به نظر برخي فقها، بدون نقل نظر آن‌ها در مخالفت با اين حكم است كه در صورت رفع اين مشكلات، مستند بودن اين حكم آشكار خواهد شد.

The problem of Homicide in the Marriage Bed, which was adapted from the former French criminal law and included in the Article 179 of Iranian civil law before the revolution, was reflected in the article 630 of Iranian civil law after the revolution. The subject in question which was a matter of legal criticism before the revolution became a matter of juristic criticism as well when it was based on juristic essentials and appeared in the article 630 after the revolution. Such problems as weakness of theory of legitimate defense as the foundation of justification of the judgment, weakness of juristic essentials, and possibility of misuse of the judgment are argued for incorrectness of the judgment. Those problems are chiefly caused by negligence of the point that it is peculiar to the position of realization and not that of demonstration first, and lack of precise analysis of juristic essentials being contented with mentioning opinions of some jurists without narrating their own words in this connection secondly. Should these two problems solved, soundness of that judgment would definitely be revealed