ابوالحسن خرقاني و آيين جوانمردي

Assistant professor, Department of Mysticism, Encyclopedia Islamica Foundation,Tehran, Iran

عياري يكي از آيين هاي طبقه عوام در ايران با سابقه اي بسيار كهن بود. برخي پيروان اين آيين تحت تاثير زاهدان و عابدانِ مذاهب و اديان مختلف از جمله اسلام قرارگرفتند و اين آيين را تبديل به آيين فتوت يا «جوانمردي» كردند. تصوف نيز كه از قرن سوم و چهارم در ايران به تدريج رواج يافت، بر آيين جوانمردي اثر گذاشت و از آن تاثير هم پذيرفت. به نظر مي رسد كه ابوالحسن خرقاني از جمله پيروان آيين جوانمردي بود كه با تصوف آشنا شد و بعدها صوفيان وي را كاملاً صوفي دانستند. در اين مقاله سعي نويسنده آن است كه با معرفي اجمالي جوانمردي و با توجه به تلقي خرقاني از آن بر اساس گفتارهاي او در آثار منسوب به وي و نيز گزارش برخي منابع صوفيه، نسبت و ارتباط ابوالحسن خرقاني با اين آيين بررسي شود. در نهايت در پي آن است تا دريابد كه آيا خرقاني را بايد عارفي در سلك جوانمردان دانست يا عارفي از جرگه اهل تصوف

Parvane Orujnia Assistant professor, Department of Mysticism, Encyclopedia Islamica Foundation,Tehran, Iran #Ayy?rE is a very old Persian cult that closely linked to the middle class people in Iran. Some of the #ayy?r?n, under the impact of ascetics (z?hid?n) from various sects and religions, including Islam, developed #ayy?ri into jav?nmardE (or futowwa). Afterward, there was a mutual impact between Sufism which spread in Iran in 4th and 5th AH and Jav?nmardi. Sheikh Abul-Hassan Kharaq?ni, who apparently was close to jav?nmardi, became familiar with Tasawwuf, and later on, he was considered as a member of Sufi orders by Sufi authorities. In the present article, after a brief introductory description of jav?nmardi, Kharaq?niʹs sayings in the works attributed to him is studied as well as the reports of Sufi sources about him. Then the relationship between Kharaq?ni and jav?nmardi is discussed along with a debate about what he understands from javanmardi. Finally, the article tries to conclude whether Kharaq?ni should be seen as a religious mystic among jav?nmard?n or as a mystic among Sufis. Keywords: KharaI?ni, Tasawwuf, #Ayy?rE, Jav?nmardE / Futowwa.