كليدواژه :
ثابت , سنت الهي , فطرت , متغير , معماري امروز
چكيده فارسي :
در معماري امروز ما، هم در عرصه نظر معيارهاي چندان ثابت و روشني در دست نيست و هم در عرصه عمل، عواملي چون تكرار محض صورت هاي معماري گذشته، اصالت تمايز، شگفتي آفريني و ابراز خودخواهانه خويش و پذيرش كثرت و تغيير محض يا ايجاد وحدت از طريق يكسان و همانند سازي و اهميت يافتن صِرف صورت معماري بدون اعتنا به معناي آن، به اين بي معياري و نابساماني دامان زده است. چنين است كه مي توان يكي از علل آشفتگي كنوني معماري را، ابهامي عميق در چيستي امر ثابت و امر متغير دانست. با تكيه بر جهان بيني حكمي، روشن ساختن ابهام در باب ثبات و تغيير نه از انديشه صرف در چگونگي صورت معماري، بلكه از بازانديشي در چيستي امر ثابت و متغير در زندگي انسان كه معماري ظرف آن است آغاز مي شود تا راه را براي شناخت ثابت و متغير در معماريِ دربرگيرنده اين زندگي بگشايد. انسان ها داراي مرتبه اي ثابت اند كه در پاسخ به فطرت و براساس سنت بي تغيير الهي، بي زمان و مكان است. بدين ترتيب مي توان مرتبه اي براي معماري تعريف كرد كه ثابت است و تحت دامنه-اي خاص مي تواند در مرتبه صورت ها، متغير و ثابت مدار باشد.
چكيده لاتين :
The present paper first with a look to the todayʹs architecture demonstrate that on one hand in the field of opinion in education and architecture view, there is no constant and clear standard and on the other hand what exists in the field of action, increase this disturbance and disorder. Among the solution adopted in the field of action are: imitation and repetition of traditional (past) architecture, past escaping, distinction originality, creating wonder, and expressing your own selfish in the architecture. The results of these solutions are: acceptance of change, multiplicity, and plurality or in the opposite side creating unity through integrating (fixing) the shape of architecture and importance of this aspect without paying attention to its meanings. Thus, these solutions are not only efficient in organizing the architecture but also had irreversible damages to it. This is so that we can consider the existence of deep ambiguity in the nature of «constant and variable matters» as one of the causes of nowadays disorder in architecture in our country. Awareness of this issue makes the thinking about nature and the fact of «constant and variable matters», being an essential issue. This paper seeks to demonstrate the necessity and importance of accuracy in both constant and variable matters as two main concepts in architecture; and its methods are by observing the current situation of architecture, reflecting expert’s opinions, deduction, and argument. This article first tries to show that this accuracy has been very important in both fields, and demonstrates that its absence has created lots of problems; by considering and describing current situation of architecture. On the one hand, there is no constant, same, and clear criterion in architecture view in the field of education, and in architecture criticism or competitions. In addition, most often people act as their arbitrary and their wants. On the other hand, what exists in the practical applicable architecture is a source and reason of confusion and disorder, which results in no criterion or standard. On the other hand with the aid of paperʹs worldview which is ruling worldview, we understand that the way of clarifying the ambiguity in the field of constant and variable is not the thought of manner of traditional architecture. Also immediacy addressing of modern, same, or different forms of architecture doesnʹt work. The solution to the problem begins with thinking about the nature of constant and variable matters in the human life and since the architecture is the body of life, the importance, and the relevance to human life is important to help understanding the constant and variable matters in this life architecture. Thinking about the nature of life with the view of ruling worldview shows that all humans have constant order that in reliance to «temperament» and based on Godʹs unchanging «tradition», is without time and space. So we can define an order for the architecture in response to humans «temperament» and based on the real meanings of objects in the universe is constant. This architecture can be variable and constant under a certain domain in the order of forms.
