بررسي آگاهي و نگرش دانشجويان مامايي و ماماها درزمينه مامايي جامعه‌نگر

Awareness and Attitude of Midwives and Midwifery Students toward Community Oriented Midwifery

مقدمه: بر‌اساس مطالعات انجام‌شده، مامايي جامعه‌نگر نقش مهمي در ارتقاي سلامت زنان ايفا مي‌كند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، سنجش آگاهي و نگرش درزمينه مامايي جامعه‌نگر دانشجويان مامايي و ماماهاي دانشگاه علوم پزشكي شاهرود مي‌باشد. مواد و روش ها: در اين مطالعه مقطعي، پرسش‌نامه‌اي خودساخته مشتمل بر 20 سوال آگاهي و 25 سوال نگرش تهيه شده است براي تكميل در اختيار 102 دانشجوي مامايي و ماماي شاغل قرار گرفت كه 90 نفر به سوالات پاسخ دادند. امتياز آگاهي نهايي به 3 گروه آگاهي ضعيف (امتياز كمتر از 75)، متوسط (75- 95) و بالا (بالاتر از 95) تقسيم گرديد. امتياز بخش نگرش نيز به 3 قسمت نگرش منفي (25-55)، خنثي (56-85) و مثبت (بالاتر از 85) تقسيم گرديد. روايي محتوي پرسش‌نامه طبق نظر اساتيد صاحب‌نظر و پايايي آن از‌طريق بازآزمايي مورد تاييد قرار گرفت. نتايج: ميانگين نمره آگاهي 1/12±8/89 و ميانگين امتياز نگرش در جامعه تحت مطالعه 4/10±8/95 گزارش شده است. بين نمره آگاهي و نگرش دانشجويان مامايي و ماماهاي شاغل اختلاف معناداري مشاهده نگرديد (05/0(P > . نمره آگاهي در دانشجويان پيوسته به‌صورت معناداري بيش از دانشجويان ناپيوسته بود (05/0(P < . نتيجه گيري: باتوجه به يافته‌هاي تحقيق، به‌نظر‌مي‌رسد نگرش مثبت نسبت‌به مامايي جامعه‌نگر نشانه وجود زمينه مساعد براي اجراي برنامه‌ها و طرح‌هاي مداخله‌اي درخصوص مامايي جامعه‌نگر باشد از سوي ديگر باتوجه به آگاهي متوسط درزمينه مامايي جامعه‌نگر توصيه مي‌شود، برنامه‌ريزي جهت آموزش بيشتر و تخصصي در‌اين‌زمينه انجام گيرد.

Introduction: As the literature indicates community-oriented midwifery can play an important role in woman health improvement. This study aimed at investigating midwives’ and midwifery studentsʹ awareness about and attitude toward community oriented midwifery in Shahroud University of Medical Sciences in 2009. Methods: In this cross sectional study, a self –made questionnaire including 20 items on awareness about and 25 items on attitude toward community oriented midwifery was used for data collection. The questionnaires were distributed among 102 midwifery students and midwives and 90 questionnaires were answered back. Awareness scores were categorized into three groups: low (less than 75), moderate (75-95) and high (more than 95) awareness scores, and attitude scores were categorized into three groups of negative (25-55), no idea (56-85) and positive (more than 85). The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were evaluated using expert opinion and test- retest respectively. Results: Mean of attitude score was 95.8±10.4 and mean of awareness score was 89.8±12.1. There were no significant differences between midwives and midwifery students in their awareness and attitude (P > 0.05). Awareness scores of midwifery student with continuous education were significantly higher than students that their education was non-continuous (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Positive attitude towards community oriented among participants indicates the appropriacy of the background for any intervention to apply a community-oriented midwifery program. The moderate level of awareness scores in the sample population and their opinions about current educational programs imply the necessity of further specific education on community oriented midwifery.