بررسي گرايش هاي فمينيستي و رابطه ي آن با انگيزه هاي اقتصادي، اجتماعي و فرهنگيدانشجويان دختر دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد گرمسار

The Study Feminist Tendencies and its Relationship with Economical, Social and Cultural Motives in the Female Students of the Islamic Azad University(Garmsar Branch)

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسي و تبيين گرايش هاي فمينيستي و رابطه ي آن با انگيزه هاي اقتصادي، اجتماعي و فرهنگي در دانشجويان دختر دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد گرمسار بود. در مباني نظري، از تلفيق ديدگاه هاي نظري ريتزر، كاستلز، گيدنز، و پارسونز در بحث فمينيسم استفاده و چارچوب و مدل نظري تدوين گرديد. روش از نوع زمينه يابي يا پيمايش بود و ابزار پژوهش، پرسشنامه ي حضوري محقق ساخته بود كه مورد اعتباريابي و پايايي سنجي قرار گرفت و به وسيله ي آن داده ها گردآوري شد. حجم نمونه 327 نفر از دانشجويان دختر دو دانشكده ي علوم انساني و فني- مهندسيِ دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد گرمسار برآورد شد و با استفاده از روش نمونه گيري تصادفي ساده انتخاب شدند. يافته ها نشان داد كه ميزان گرايش فمينيستي در نمونه ي مورد مطالعه در سطح متوسط رو به بالا است و اين گرايش در ميان دانشجويان علوم انساني بيشتر از دانشجويان فني و مهندسي است. همچنين باور به وجودِ نابرابري جنسيتي در خانواده، نابرابري در حقوق و قوانين جامعه، اعتراض به نقش زن به عنوان خانه دار صِرف، نابرابري در مزاياي اقتصادي زنان نسبت به مردان در سطح متوسط رو به بالا بدست آمد. نتيجه ديگر اينكه انگيز ه هاي اقتصادي و انگيزه هاي اجتماعي- فرهنگي در گرايش فمينيستي يادشده سطح بالايي را نشان داد كه با رويكردهاي نظري موجود در مكاتب فمينيسم هاي سوسيال، راديكال و ليبرال قابل تبيين و تفسير است.

The object of this research was to study and explain feminist tendencies and its relationship with economical, social, and cultural motives in the female students of the Islamic Azad University of Garmsar. It was used compilation of theoretic viewpoints of Ritzer, Castells, Giddens, and Parsons in feminist discussion and a framework and theoretic model was formulated. By using surveyor method, researcherʹs personal questionnaire was made and it was done validation and reliability evaluation and data was gathered by it. A sample size was estimated 327 female students of both faculty of humanities and faculty of engineering of the Islamic Azad University of Garmsar; and they were selected proportional to size using random sampling. Findings showed that the range of feminist tendencies in studied sample is upward in a medium level and this tendency is higher in the humanities students than in the engineering students. Also belief in the existence of gender inequality in family, an inequality in the laws and roles of the society, protest to woman role as a mere housekeeper, and an inequality in womenʹs economical advantages to menʹs one is upward in a medium level. Another result is that economical and socio-cultural motives in the mentioned feminist tendency showed high level which is explainable and interpretable with available theoretic approaches in the social, radical, and liberal feminism. It can be said that people tend to special tendency in this context based on their different positions and they summarize a main cause of gender inequality into the same problem and this causes that people viewpoints about gender inequality may be difference and it leads to different feminist tendencies. Moreover, Lizrel modeling values was the fitting representation of researcherʹs proposal model.