بررسي كاربردي سيستم‎هاي سازه‎اي پناهگاه‎هاي متحرك و موقت

An Investigation on Structural Systems of Mobile and Temporary Shelters

در سال‎هاي اخير با افزايش سرعت رشد صنايع و علوم و فنون، تغييرات در عرصه استانداردها، عملكردها وكاربري‎هاي معماري بيشتر عيان گشته است. اين امر بيانگر آن است كه معماري امروز نيازمند تغييرات و پويايي بيشتري نسبت به گذشته است و به‎نظر مي‎رسد كه بايد ساختمان‎هاي جديد متنوع‎تر، انعطاف‎پذيرتر و قابل انطباق با تغييرات احتمالي آينده باشند. با نگاهي به گذشته مي‎توان دريافت كه انسان چگونه با خلق اولين و ابتدايي‎ترين ساختار متحرك با مشكلات زندگي خود كنار آمده است و خانه‎هاي متحرك و شهرسازي انعطاف‎پذير را چنان با نيازهاي خود طراحي كرده كه بتواند از آن در آينده نيز بهره گيرد. امروزه نياز استفاده‎كنندگان و عملكردهاي متنوع ساختمان‎ها، در سراسر جهان به سرعت در حال تغيير است و ساختمان‎ها بايد منعطف و انطباق‎پذير با تغيير عملكردها يا تغييرات زماني (مانند آب و هوا) و يا مكاني متناسب با تغيير شرايط اجتماعي و فرهنگي باشد. آنچه كه دراين مقاله مورد بحث قرار مي‌گيرد، بررسي، تحليل و تقسيم‎بندي سيستم‎هاي سازه‎اي پناهگاه‎هاي موقت و سيار است. هدف ازاين تقسيم‎بندي تعيين مدل‎هاي قابل توليد و متنوع براي توسعه فرم‎هاي پيشنهادي و سيستم‎هاي ساخت قابل دسترس و اجرا است. با اين نگرش به معرفي نمونه‎ها و روش‌هاي اجرايي و ممكن سيستم‎هاي ساخت پرداخته مي‎شود.

In recent years the growth rate of industry, science and technology has increased exceptionally and same relative changes in standards, practices and architecture operation has been more explicit. This suggests that nowadays architecture needs change and more dynamic than in the past and new buildings seem to be more varied, more flexible and adaptable to future possible changes, which needs architectural and structural solutions. In addition to being stable, one of the other mysteries of a creature is the ability of being responsible to many patterns which are expected in present and future. Although people are similar in humanity, they are unique in their aims, will and requirements. Therefore, in one place we encounter variety of requirements. In retrospect we can find out how man could solve their difficulties by the most basic movable structures and how he had designed mobile homes and flexible urban contexts to utilize in the future. This portable structure is also used in bridges, shelters, temporary and multipurpose spaces thus it has the ability to adapt to future needs. Although throughout history, man has lived in buildings which their function is fixed and unchangeable, but todays buildings function and users change rapidly and buildings should be constructed flexible and adaptable to the functional changes( for example climate changes), time change, social and cultural changes. What will be discussed in this article is examining, analysis and classification of structural systems of mobile and contemporary shelters. The purpose of these classifications is defining models that can be divided into various forms and production methods proposed for development and construction of systems available.