جنسيت، ناگويي هيجاني و نظريه ذهن در دانشجويان

Gender, Comparison of Alexithymia and Theory of Mind in University Students

مقدمه و هدف: پژوهش هاي مختلف، نتايج متفاوتي را در خصوص ناگويي هيجاني و نظريه ذهن در زنان و مردان ارايه كرده اند. در اين راستا، هدف اين پژوهش، تعيين تفاوت ناگويي هيجاني و نظريه ذهن در بين دانشجويان كارشناسي بود. روش: به اين منظور، 284 دانشجوي مقطع كارشناسي (123 پسر و 161 دختر) در رشته هاي علوم انساني، فني و مهندسي و علوم پايه با روش نمونه گيري در دسترس انتخاب شدند. سپس دانشجويان، پرسشنامه هاي ناگويي هيجاني تورنتو (TAS-20) و ذهن خواني از طريق چشم ها را تكميل كردند. براي تحليل داده ها از روش هاي آمار توصيفي و تحليل واريانس چندمتغيره (MANOVA) استفاده شد. نتايج: نتايج پژوهش نشان داد كه ميزان نظريه ذهن و مولفه جهت گيري بيروني در تفكر در دو جنس متفاوت است. به عبارت ديگر، دانشجويان پسر سطح بالايي از جهت گيري بيروني در تفكر و سطح كمتري از نظريه ذهن را به نسبت دانشجويان دختر نشان مي دهند.

Several studies have had different results about alexithymia and Theory of Mind in males and females. The aim of this study was to compare the rate of alexithymia and Theory of Mind in under-graduated students. In this comparative research, using convenience method, 284 undergraduate students (123 male and 161 female) from different fields of study such as Human Science, Engineering, and Basic Science were selected. They were assessed through completed Torento Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) as well as appraisal and computerized version of revised reading the mind in the eyes test. Data were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). The results revealed that there was a significant difference between both groups in Theory of mind and "external oriented thinking (EOT)" subscale of alexithymia. Findings demonstrated that scores of male students were lower than the female students in TOM but in EOT subscale were higher than females. Therefore, it can be concluded that female students are better in Theory of Mind and are less alexithymic than male students.