عملكرد محيط هاي سبز و طبيعي در ارتقا سلامت روحي- رواني انسان

Investigating the Function of Natural Green Spaces to Promote Human’s Psychological-Spiritual Health

شهرها به عنوان مكان زندگي و فعاليت انسان نه تنها، بخش مهمي از محيط مي باشند كه علاوه بر تاثير گذاري بر محيط زيست باعث بهبود كيفيت زندگي ،احساسات و تصورات مردم نيز مي گردند. بنابر اين وجود فضاهاي طبيعي در شهرها از عوامل موثر در تضمين سلامت روحي و رواني ساكنان آن خواهد بود. اين مقاله به بررسي عملكرد طبيعت شهر بر كيفيت معنوي زندگي مردم، از طريق بررسي ميداني با پرسش نامه از بين بازديد كنندگان پارك چيتگر در منطقه 22 ، پرداخته است. نتايج تحقيق رابطه بين انگيزه مردم از مراجعه به فضاهاي طبيعي، ابعاد حسي مثبت و غير ملموس ناشي از تجربه طبيعت و نقش آن در ارتقا سلامت روحي و كيفيت زندگي آنان ، كه يكي از جنبه هاي دستيابي به توسعه پايدار است، را بررسي مي كند. هدف بررسي تاثير و اهميت ابعاد غير مادي طبيعت بر زندگي انسان به عنوان گامي در جهت پايداري زندگي شهري بوده است.

Sustainability is an international policy with multi-dimensional concepts and implications for designing and planning. Nowadays the word of "stability" is used extensively to describe the world, where natural and human systems can continue their life together till long future. In addition, sustainability in a system is related to all its components and elements. Meanwhile, increasing the growth of urban population causes serious and often catastrophic effects on habitats and urban natural environments. But always much less attention is being paid to open, green and natural spaces in the cities. This matter influences especially environment, socio-economic, physical-spatial, and psychological and many other characteristics of a city and its residents. Whiles, existence of green spaces in a city affect its structure and function with response to peopleʹs recreational demands. Recently, increasing of urban development have led to make distance between nature, works and home places, enhancement of transportation and population, not paying enough attention to human’s needs, behavioral abnormalities, and lack of sense of belonging to the environment that cause psychological and mental pressure on people. Therefore, creating and designing spaces where are responsive to their users will reduce the individual and social pressures. Cities as human’s life and work place are an important part of environment, where not only influence on the nature, but also can promote the quality of life, humanʹs emotions and their conceptions. So existence of such spaces in a city promotes the citizen’s spiritual-psychological health. This paper considers the function of urban nature in promoting the quality of humanʹs life conducting through a survey and distribution questionnaires among visitors of Chitgar Park in district 22 and analyzing the data. District 22 as the only sustainable region in Tehran, with new structure, open and extensive spaces, natural resources like Chitgar Park and various tourism potential such as artificial lake was selected due to the growth of urbanization in Tehran metropolitan and demands of citizens to natural spaces and recreational activities. The results review the relevance of peopleʹs motivations to refer to natural spaces, the positive intangible emotional dimensions caused by being in the nature and its role to promote the quality of humanʹs life and mental health which are one of the main goals of sustainable development .The aim of this research is considering the importance and influence of spiritual dimension of nature on human’s life as an approach toward urban sustainability and recognizing the stable factors of environment and landscape in order to promote the quality of environment and create sustainable approach in all dimensions, which is accomplished to introduce the effective indicators and parameters of their structure. This paper concludes that urban nature provides citizens with their physical and spiritual needs. It is shown that the most reason of spending time in the nature is the need of relaxation along with enjoying the natural beauties. Escaping from the stressful cities, having sense of freedom and privacy in the nature, happiness and vitality, enjoying the silence of nature are the most factors attracting peoples to the nature.