كليدواژه :
امنيت , توسعه , سياست , منطقه آزاد , چابهار , ژيوپليتيك
چكيده فارسي :
كشور تسهيل كرده و وزن ژيوپليتيكي همان فضاي جغرافيايي- سياسي را در سطح منطقه يا جهان تبيين مي‌كند. از اين‌رو عدم درك موقعيت جغرافيايي يك مكان و فضاي جغرافيايي و مسايل آن از جمله نقاط ضعف و نقاط قوت، هزينه‌هاي سنگيني در بر خواهد داشت و سبب تحميل ناامني، فقر اقتصادي، فرهنگي و اجتماعي، بي‌عدالتي اجتماعي و ... بر منافع ملي خواهد شد كه تاثيرات آن در قدرت ملي كشور و موقعيت كشور در ساختار نظام جهاني كه از ديد جغرافي‌دانان سياسي و ژيوپليتيسين‌ها بسيار حايز اهميت است، آشكار مي‌شود. منطقه آزاد صنعتي- تجاري چابهار با دارا بودن پتانسيل‌هاي فوق‌العاده‌اي چون ظرفيت‌هاي ژيوپليتيك، اقتصادي، امنيتي، دسترسي، ارتباطات بازرگاني منطقه‌اي و بين‌المللي، واجد كاركردهاي توليدكننده قدرت در كشور است و تاكنون بهره‌برداري لازم از ظرفيت‌هاي آن نشده و توسعه‌نيافته باقي مانده است. عوامل متعددي در اين عدم توسعه نقش داشته‌اند كه يا جنبه امنيتي داشته‌اند يا به آنها جنبه امنيتي داده شده. مسايل امنيتي اين بخش از كشور مانع عمده سرمايه‌گذاري و در نتيجه، توسعه‌نيافتگي آن است. با توجه به اينكه امنيت و توسعه مفاهيمي به‌هم پيوسته و لازم و ملزوم يكديگرند، به‌طوري‌كه دستيابي به توسعه بدون برقراري امنيت ناممكن بوده و توسعه نيز در برقراري امنيت نقش به‌سزايي دارد. توسعه آينده اين بخش از كشور و در نهايت تاثير‌گذاري در توسعه ملي، وابسته به طراحي سياست‌هاي كارآمد براي موانع و مسايل آن و استفاده بهينه از كاركردهاي اين منطقه است. بنابراين شناسايي موانع توسعه، كمك شاياني به ارايه راهكارها و در نهايت حل اين موانع و مسايل مي‌كند. لذا اين پژوهش درصدد برآمده تا علل توسعه‌نيافتگي اين منطقه را كه بيشتر ناشي از عوامل سياسي- امنيتي هستند مورد بررسي، شناسايي و تحليل قرار دهد و در نهايت راهبرد و پيشنهاد‌هاي لازم در راستاي استفاده هرچه بهتر از فرصت‌ها و رفع موانع توسعه اين منطقه را ارايه دهد.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction
The mechanism of politics and geography relations create a situation that facilitates better management of political space within states and clarifies the geopolitical weight of that geographical space at regional and global levels. Hence, ignoring geographical location brings with itself extravagant costs. Chabahar free zone, which has some potentialities such as geopolitical, economic, security, regional and international business, has power creating functions, but it has not used its potentialities and it has remained underdeveloped. Several factors are effective in the issue that has had security aspect or it has been given security aspect. Security factors are the main obstacles of investment and retrogression. Considering the fact that security and development are intertwined conceptually, and development is not possible without security, development has an important role in establishing security. Development of this region depends on designing effective policies directed toward solving problems and optimal using functions of this region. So, recognizing problems of development help to present solutions and solve such problems. Hence, this paper, by employing an analytic approach, attempts to study the reasons of retrogressionof the region that are the result of political-security factors, and present some strategies to use opportunities optimally and solve the problems of this region.
Methodology
This paper seeks an answer for this question: “why Chabahar free zone that has some potentialities like geopolitical, economic, security, regional and international business, and has power creating functions, has not used its potentialities and it has been underdeveloped?”
The research methodology adopted is descriptive- analytic method and data gathering procedure is library findings.
Results and discussion
Ignoring geographical location brings with itself extravagant costs, and imposes insecurity, economic, social and cultural poverty, social injustice on national interests that affects national power and position in the structure of world system which is very important from the viewpoint of political geographers.
Conclusion
Security factors are the main obstacles of investment and retrogression. Considering the fact that security and development are intertwined conceptually, and development is not possible without security, development has an important role in setting of security. Development of this region depends on designing effective policies directed toward obstacles and optimal use of functions of this region. So, recognizing obstacles of development help to present solutions and solve these problems. Hence, this paper tries to study the reasons of retrogression of the region that are the result of political- security factors.
