ارزيابي نقش سرمايه اجتماعي در توسعه نواحي روستايي

Evaluation of the Role of Social Capital in Rural area development Case study: Mashhad Maighan County in Arak Township

مفهوم سرمايه اجتماعي، يك مفهوم فرارشته‌اي است كه چند دهه اخير مورد توجه محققان رشته هاي علوم انساني قرار گرفته است. اين مفهوم در تحليل‌هاي اجتماعي و اقتصادي پيرامون توسعه جوامع روستايي نيز، مطرح شده و بر منابع محلي سكونتگاه هاي روستا از قبيل روابط انساني، شبكه‌ها و نهادهاي موجود در ساختارهاي اجتماعي تاكيد دارد. هدف از انجام اين تحقيق ارزيابي نقش سرمايه اجتماعي در توسعه مناطق روستايي در ابعاد مختلف اقتصادي- اجتماعي و كالبدي است، به همين منظور سه شاخص انسجام اجتماعي مدنظر پانتام (اعتماد، مشاركت و شبكه‌ها) در قالب سرمايه اجتماعي مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. روش تحقيق توصيفي- تحليلي مبتني بر تكميل پرسشنامه و مصاحبه با تعداد 135 نفر از سرپرستان خانوار نمونه در 25 روستاي دهستان مشهد ميقان است. براي تجزيه و تحليل داده‌ها از مدل تاپسيس و روش‌هاي آماري همبستگي اسپيرمن، آزمون t و تحليل واريانس (ANOVA) استفاده شده است. نتايج حاصله حاكي از اين است كه بين افزايش سرمايه اجتماعي و بالا رفتن توسعه روستايي رابطه مثبت و كاملاً معناداري وجود دارد. به عبارت ديگر با افزايش ميزان سرمايه اجتماعي در بين پاسخگويان، توسعه روستايي بويژه در ابعاد اجتماعي و كالبدي تحول بيشتري را نشان مي دهد.

Evaluation of the Role of Social Capital in Rural area development Case study: Mashhad Maighan County in Arak Township Hossein Farahani: Assistant professor in Geography and Rural Planning, University of Zanjan Jamshid einali: Assistant professor in Geography and Rural Planning, University of Zanjan. Somaye abdoli: M. A student in Geography and Rural Planning, University of Zanjan. Abstract The concept of social capital, as an interdisciplinary concept, has been considered by many branches of humanities. This concept has been studied in the social and economical analysis related to the development of rural communities and it emphasize on the available resources in rural. These sources include human relations, networks and institutions in the social structure. Therefore, in order to achieve stable rural development, access to social is essential. This study enamines & analysis the role of social capital in rural development according to three Pantum idenes (trust, partnerships and networks). The influential role of social capital on the quality of life cannot be in this study back ground variables such as the subjective quality of life and disregarded. So, objective quality of life and social capital was measured. In this research descriptive statistics and inferential analysis based on obtained data from survey. The data was analysis through methods of statistical correlation, t-test, kruskal-wallis, multiple regression, analysis of variance, path analysis, Maurice model. And TOPSIS model is used. For the purpose of these study 25 rurals from Mashhad-e- Meighan County in Arak Province, trough sampling was selected. The required data collected through two questionnaires including 135 household and 13 authorities. The findings indicated that there is a significant relationship between social capital and the increase in the quality of life in the region studied. And it showed that there is a significant relationship between the increase of social capital and the social and physical dimensions of rural development. Social participate largely affected high quality of life in Mashhad mighan country. Key words: Social capital, Quality of life, rural development, Mashhad Myghan.