بررسي موسيقي كناري و بيروني غزليات شهريار

An Investigation into the Exterior and Peripheral Music in Shahriyar’s Sonnets

شعر شهريار از مقبوليت و جذابيت خاصي در ميان عموم برخوردار است. علاوه بر زبان روان و ساده‌اش، تسلط بر جنبه‌ي موسيقاي شعر، از دلايل موفقيت اوست. دقت در ظرايف و كاربرد مناسب وزن، قافيه و رديف، به شعر شهريار زيبايي خاصي داده است و آهنگين بودن كلامش، تا حد زيادي نتيجه‌ي كاربرد مناسب اين عناصر شعري است. در اين مقاله كوشش شده است، با توصيف ويژگي‌هاي دو نوع موسيقي كناري و بيروني در غزليات شهريار، راز موفقيت و مقبوليتش مشخص گردد؛ بنابراين 536 غزل ايشان، هم از جهت ويژگي‌هاي قافيه و رديف و هم از جهت كاربرد اوزان عروضي مورد بررسي قرار گرفت و نتايج به دست‌آمده در قالب جداول و نمودارها توصيف شد، كه به طور كلي عبارت است از: 1) حروف اصلي قافيه، در بيش از 61% غزليات /v:c/ مي‌باشد. 2) بيش از 73% غزليات مردف است. 3) نزديك به 93% غزليات در «اوزان جويباري» است، كه حدود 41% آن‌ها در بحر «رمل» سروده شده است.

Shahriyar’s poetry has been well-accepted and enjoyed by most people. In addition to his fluency and use of simple language, his command of the musical facet in poetry is among the secrets of his success. Accuracy of niceties in his poems and the appropriate use of meter, rhyme, and perfect rhyme have bestowed special pulchritude upon his poetry; and his rhythmic poetry is, to a large extent, a result of the appropriate use of this poetic elements. The present paper is an attempt to uncover the secrets of Shahriyar’s success and acceptability by describing the exterior and peripheral music in his sonnets. To this end, 536 of his sonnets were examined regarding both their rhyming properties and their use of prosodic meters. The obtained results were presented, using tables and figures. The general results indicated that: 1. In more than 61% of the sonnets, the main letters of the rhyming words are in the pattern of a long vowel followed by a consonant v:c. 2. More than 73% of the sonnets have perfect rhymes; 3. Nearly 93% of the sonnets follow the “Jouibari” meter, from among which 41% are composed in the “Raml” meter. Key Words: Shahriyar, Sonnet, Musical system, Perfect rhyme, Rhyme, Meter.