نقد و ارزيابي تحليل گفتماني لاكلا و كاربرد آن در سياست

CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF LACLAU AND ITS APPLICATION IN POLICY

اين نوشتار جهت مطالعات سياسي ،در بين روش هاي تحليل گفتماني استفاده از روش ارنستو لاكلا و شنتال موفه را مناسبتر ارزيابي نموده و اين رويكرد پسامدرنيستي را - با نيم نگاهي به پژوهش هاي ايراني و اسلامي- نقد و تبيين كرده و معتقد است تحليل مزبور، به صورت مشروط داراي ظرفيت نسبي براي تبيين گفتمان هاي انقلاب اسلامي است؛ و با توجه به نقدهاي وارده بر اين روش فرامدرنيستي و سكولار، بايد از اين سطح تحليل، بهگزيني لازم را نمود و البته چنين امري نيازمند نوانديشي و بهره گيري آزادانه از اين نظريه و باز توليد آن با حفظ سازواره نظري ، در پژوهش هاي سياسي اسلامي و بومي است.

Discourse analysis or discourse theory deals with meaningful roles of behaviors and social ideas in political life, hence it is considered as one of the most modern research methods in political sciences. This paper, with the purpose of political studies, regards Ernesto Laclau and Shantal Mouffe`s discourse analysis more appropriate, and as a result, in addition to stating the grounds for the formation and typology of discourse analyses, it determines the main concepts and the function of Laclau and Mouffe`s discourse analysis as well as criticisms on this post-modern approach, with regard to Iranian-Islamic research. It can be assumed that Laclau and Mouffe`s discourse analysis has potentials to political determinations, even for the case of Islamic Revolution discourse; yet regarding the drawbacks to this post-modern discourse analysis, selective borrowing from this theory and level of analysis can be made and it can be used as an analytical tool for Islamic Revolution studies. To attain this objective, it requires some rethinking and free utilization of Laclau and Mouffe`s discourse analysis with its theoretical structure in local and Islamic political research.