جغرافياي تاريخي فرغانه

The Historical Geography of Farghaneh

تحقيق حاضر به شرح جغرافياي تاريخي «فرغانه»،كه يكي از ايالتهاي خراسان بزرگ (خراسان قديم به علاوه ماورا النهر) از قرون اوليه اسلامي به بعد بود، مي پردازد. همچنين ، منابع طبيعي، شهرها و عالمان ايالت فرغانه و چگونگي فتح آن بدست اعراب مسلمان و اوضاع سياسي و اداري آن از دوره اسلامي تا قرون معاصر توضيح داده مي شود. به دليل توجه اندك منابع جغرافيايي و تاريخي به مسايل اجتماعي و فرهنگي فرغانه، بخش مختصري از مقاله شامل اين حوزه ها مي شود. يافته هاي تحقيق بيانگر آنست كه ايالت فرغانه در جوار سرزمين و مردمان ترك بوده و در دوره باستان جز ايران زمين محسوب مي شده و در دوره اسلامي نيز تحت حكومت خلفاي راشدين،اموي و عباسي و حكومتهاي ايراني و ترك و مغول بوده است.

The present study aims at describing the historical geography of " Farghaneh " which had been one of the states of the Great Khorasan (the ancient Khorasan and Transoxiana) since the early centuries after the emergence of Islam. Descriptions will also be presented regarding the natural resources, cities, and scholars of the Farghaneh state. Also muslim Arabsʹ success in conquering it along with its gubernatorial, administrative, and political conditions from Islamic era up to the modern times will be described. Since the social and cultural issues of Farghaneh have not been addressed adequately in geographical and historical sources, a small portion of the article covers those issues. The research findings suggest that the Farghaneh state had been neighboring Turkish lands and Turkish speaking people. Also, Farghaneh has been part of Persia in ancient times. In addition, It has been governed by Rashedin, Abbasid, and Omavid Caliphate and Iranian, Turk and Mogul governors in Islamic era.