طرح انديشه مهدويت از امام علي تا امام سجاد

The Mahdaviyyat Doctrine from Imam Ali to Imam Sajjad

اين نوشتار تاملي است در چگونگي طرح آموزه‌هاي مهدويت از سوي ايمه? از زمان اميرالمومنين تا عصر حضرت سجاد?. ارايه معارف مهدوي از سوي قرآن و اهل‌بيت? با توجه به اهداف كلي دعوت ديني، نيازهاي مخاطبان عصر صدور و همچنين نيازهاي شيعه در اعصار متاخر شكل گرفته است. بررسي محورهاي مورد تاكيد در اين بيانات و تامل در نسبت آن‌ها با اهداف كلي و نيازهاي هر عصر مي‌تواند از يك‌سو طرح كلاني را نشان دهد كه در اين شكل از تعليم و تربيت تعقيب شده است و از سوي ديگر، تاثير تربيتي و اخلاقي هر يك از آموزه‌هاي مهدوي را نمايان‌تر كند. اين پژوهش بر تحليل محتوايي روايات صادره از چهار امام نخستين شيعه تكيه دارد و مي‌كوشد با توجه به شرايط عصر صدور، آثار آموزه‌هاي مهدوي بر شيعيان را معلوم كند. از اين‌رو، با تعيين محورهاي مورد تاكيد در سخنان هر يك از معصومين? همراه با ارايه نمونه‌اي از آن و تامل در نسبت اين سخنان با شرايط مخاطبان، تلاش دارد به حكمت و جهت طرح هر يك از آموزه‌ها دست يابد. پيش‌تر در مقاله‌اي از پيش‌فرض‌ها و روش‌هاي اين تحقيق گفت‌وگو كرده‌ايم. مقاله حاضر، روشن‌گر اين سخن است كه تعليم آموزه‌هاي مهدوي در اين برهه از تاريخ ايمه? افزون بر ارايه معارف مهدوي و آخرالزماني، به نكاتي مهم در تربيت مخاطبان توجه دارد و نوعي زمينه‌سازي براي جلوگيري از آفات بحث مهدويت و نيز انحرافات را متناسب با عصر ايمه نخستين? دنبال مي‌كند.

This article is a contemplation and thinking deeply about the methods and ways of stating the doctrines of Mahdaviyyat from Infallible (Shia) Imams – since the era of Imam Ali until the era of Imam Sajjad. Representing and showing the theologies of Mahdaviyyat from both holy Quran and the Imams have been formed by paying attention to the general aims of inviting to the religion, the needs of audience in the early era of Islam and the needs of people in the later eras. The emphasized elements and the main points in relation to the needs of each era can address two issues. On the one hand, a grand issue that is followed in the education and training, and on the other hand the needs of Shiite in recent centuries the moral and ethical effect of each of the Mahdaviyyat doctrines clearer. Considering that have been emphasized in these remarks and contemplating about the relationship of them with the general aims and the needs of each era can show a significant and magnificent plan that has been followed in this form of education and Upbringing, and on the other hand they make. This research is based on analyzing the meanings of the Hadith which have been issued by the first four Imams of Shiites and tries to reveal the effects of Mahdavi doctrines to the Shiites, considering the conditions of era of its issuance. Hence, this research tries to discover the philosophy and the reason of stating each of the doctrines by determining the main points in the words of each of the innocent Imams with giving examples from them and contemplating about the relationship between these remarks and the conditions of addressees (audience). Earlier, in an essay, we talked about the defaults and the methods of this (kind of) research. The current paper clarifies this statement that educating the Mahdavi doctrines in this special time of the history concurrent with Imams, pays attention to the important points in the upbringing the addressees. This is further to its presentation of the Mahdavi theologies and apocalyptic theologies, which is a kind of preparation for preventing from the problems in the Mahdaviyyat discussion and also follows and analyzes the deviations related to the era of early Imams.