تحليل عوامل مرتبط با رضايتمندي روستاييان از طرح هادي؛( مطالعه موردي روستاي قراگل شهرستان ديواندره)

طرح هادي با هدف فراهم كردن بستر تجديد حيات و هدايت روستا به لحاظ ابعاد اجتماعي، اقتصادي، كالبدي و زيست محيطي و با تامين عدالت در امكانات و تسهيلات مناسب در صدد آن است كه رفاه نسبي را براي روستاييان فراهم آورد. اين در حالي است كه در خصوص تاثير مثبت و پايدار اين طرح ترديدي كاملاً جدي وجود دارد و در بعضي از مناطق روستايي اثرات معكوس گذاشته و عدم رضايتمندي روستاييان را به همراه داشته است. بنابراين، بررسي رضايتمندي روستاييان و عواملي كه در اين زمينه از اهميت بالايي برخوردار است، ضروري مي باشد. در اين راستا، هدف كلي اين تحقيق، تحليل عوامل تاثيرگذار بر رضايتمندي روستاييان از طرح‏هاي هادي مي‏باشد. جامعه آماري تحقيق شامل كليه خانوارهاي روستاي قراگل شهرستان ديواندره (استان كردستان) بود (N= 395). با استفاده از فرمول كوكران تعداد 81 نفر از سرپرست خانوارها آن‏ها به روش نمونه‏گيري ساده تصادفي براي مطالعه انتخاب شدند. ابزار اصلي تحقيق پرسشنامه‏اي بود كه روايي آن توسط پانل متخصصان و پايايي آن توسط ضريب آلفاي كرونباخ تاييد شد (? > 0.7). تجزيه و تحليل داده‏ها با استفاده از نرم‏افزار SPSSwin18 انجام شد. نتايج پژوهش نشان داد كه رضايتمندي اكثريت (5/86 درصد) روستاييان نسبت به طرح هادي كم و متوسط بود. علاوه بر اين، نتايج حاصل از تحليل عاملي سه عامل ايجاد علاقه‏مندي به روستا، اثرات فيزيكي- كالبدي و ايجاد اشتغال‏هاي جانبي در روستا را به عنوان اثرات طرح‏هاي هادي شناسايي كرد. نتايج تحليل همبستگي نشان داد كه بين اكثر مولفه‏هاي موجود در طرح هادي با ميزان رضايتمندي روستاييان از اين طرح رابطه مثبت و معنا‏داري وجود دارد.

One of the most important structural elements in the development of rural residential areas in support of the poor and reduction of rural vulnerability can be a special attention that should be paid to physical aspects of human, social, economic and environmental activities. Nowadays, guide plan as the first national comprehensive effort for organizing our country’s villages is counted as the most important tool for rural development management. Rural guide plan is one of the rural development projects that can have a fundamental role in an integrated development of rural areas. Guide plan with the aim to provide the ground of revitalization and rural guidance in terms of social, economic, physical and environmental by fulfilling justice of appropriate facilitiesis intended to provide relative welfare for the villagers. Meanwhile, there is a serious doubt of the positive and sustainable impact of the project where in some rural areas has had adverse effects and dissatisfaction of the villagers. Thus, investigating the satisfaction of the villagers and the factors that are influential in this regard is of great importance. In this regard, the main purpose of this study was analyzing the factors affecting the villager’s satisfaction of guide plan. The statistical population of this study consisted of all households of Gharagol village at Diwandareh County. By using Cochranʹs formula, 81 heads of the households were selected by simple random sampling method. The main instrument of this study was a questionnaire which its validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and its reliability was affirmed by calculating Cronbach Alpha Coefficient (? > 0.7). Data were analyzed by SPSSWin18 software in two parts of descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that the satisfaction of the majority (86.5%) of villagers toward guide plan was low and average. In addition, the results of factor analysis of three factors: “creating interest to the village”, “physical effects” and “creation of sub-employment in the village” was identified as the effects of guide plan. The results of correlation analysis showed that there was positive and significant relationship between the majority of existing components in guide plan with the villagersʹ satisfaction. Finally, based on the results of the study, in order to improve the effects of rural guide plan on social, economic, physical and environmental aspects of rural areas, a number of recommendations and guidelines for rural development managers, planners and policy makers were presented.